中考语文知识点梳理-2017中考英语知识点梳理:冠词和数词的讲解

副标题:2017中考英语知识点梳理:冠词和数词的讲解

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【考点直击】
  1.不定冠词a与an的用法
  2.定冠词the的用法
  3."零"冠词
  4.基数词的用法
  5.序数词的用法
  【点睛】
  一. 冠词的用法
  冠词是虚词,放在名词之前,用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠词有两种。
  A(an)叫不定冠词,the叫定冠词。A用在辅音之前,an用在元音之前。
  1. 不定冠词的用法
  (1) a和an均用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物。例如:
  John is a student.
  Mary is an English teacher.
  (2) 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如:
  A steel worker makes steel.
  Pass me an apple, please.
  (3) 指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或和物。例如:
  A student wants to see you.
  A girl is waiting for you outside.
  (4) 表示“每一”的意思,相当于every。例如:
  Take the medicine three times a day.
  They go to see their parents once a week.
  2. 定冠词用法
  (1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。例如:
  The book on the desk is an English dictionary.
  Beijing is the capital of China.
  (2) 指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如:
  Open the door, please.
  Jack is in the library.
  (3) 上文提到过的人或事物。例如:
  Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.
  (4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如:
  The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
  (5) 用在序数词和形容词级之前。例如:
  Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
  January is the first month of the year.
  (6) 用在某些形容词之前,表示某一类人或事物。例如:
  The nurse is kind to the sick.
  We should take good care of the old.
  (7) 用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如:
  the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。
  (8) 用在姓氏复数之前,表示“某某一家人”,“某某夫妇”。例如:
  the Browns, the whites等。
  3. 不用冠词的情况
  (1) 某些专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。例如:
  China, Canada, Japanese, glass, water, love等。
  (2) 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代词时,不用冠词。例如:
  That is my cap.
  I have some questions.
  Go down this street.
  (3) 复数名词表示一类人或事物时,不用冠词。
  They are workers.
  We are students.
  (4) 称呼语前不用冠词,表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。例如:
  I don’t feel well today, Mother.
  Bush was made president of the U.S.
  (5) 三餐饭的名称前,球类活动,学科和节目名词前,常不用冠词。例如:
  I have lunch at home.
  He often plays football after class.
  We have English and maths every day.

2017中考英语知识点梳理:冠词和数词的讲解.doc

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