2021年6月大学英语四级阅读理解-2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解练习及精析

【#四六级考试# 导语】不做“说话的巨人，行动的矮子”。说再多的漂亮话，也不如做一件实实在在的漂亮事，行动永远是迈向成功的第一步，想永远只会在原地踏步。对于考试而言亦是如此，每天进步一点点，基础扎实一点点，通过考试就会更容易一点点。以下为“2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解练习及精析”，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注©文档大全网！

【篇一】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解练习及精析

　　Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-mindedactions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses(差错)in a scientific report, hewas surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings, Nordid the lapses appear to be entirely random(随机的).

　　One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. "the explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer," explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme," About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures,"

　　Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing---an average of twelve each, There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest(荒谬可笑的).These aretwo hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m."Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain’ programmes’ occurs, as for instance between going to and from work." Women on average reported slightly more lapses----- 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men m probably because they were more reliable reporters.

　　A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse m even dangerous.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects ________

　　A. to keep track of people who tend too forget things

　　B. to report their embarrassing lapses at random

　　C. to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically

　　D. to keep a record of what they did unintentionally

　　2. Professor Smith discovered that ________

　　A. certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents

　　B. many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness

　　C. men tend to be more absent-minded than women

　　D. absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness

　　3. "Programme assembly failures" (Line 6, Para. 2) refers to the phenomenon that people ______

　　A. often fail to programme their routines beforehand

　　B. tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry

　　C. unconsciously change the sequence of doing things

　　D. are likely to mess things up if they are too tired

　　4. We learn from the third paragraph that _______

　　A. absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day

　　B. women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods

　　C. women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness

　　D. men’s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations

　　5.It can be concluded from the passage that _____

　　A. people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses

　　B. hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at

　　C. people should be careful when programming their actions

　　D. lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration

　　参考答案

　　1.[D] 事实细节题。本文第1句中的to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions就是指to keep a record of what they did unintentionally,题目中的subjects指实验对象，被测试者。

　　2.[A] 事实细节题。根据第2句中nearly all of them fell into a few groupings可以找到本题答案，题目中的discover是该句中find的同义词,A的patterns与原文中的groupings意义相同。

　　3.[C] 语义题。根据第2段最后两句提到,但是不知怎么的这种行为在程序中颠倒了。这些被测试者报告的事件中二十个中有一个属于这种“流水线程序错误”。C的unconsciously与somehow对应,change the sequence of doing things与the action got reversed对应，故本题选C。

　　4.[A] 事实细节题。根据第3段的第2、3句“一天之中似乎存在一些人们易犯荒谬可笑错误的高峰时段”,之后到举了几个高峰时间，可知A与之相符。

　　5.[D] 推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“一般来说，我们会以为技术娴熟可以减少错误。但是为了避免出现愚蠢的失误而更加专注，只会把事情弄得更糟糕，甚至会导致危险。”可知D“差错并不总是注意力不集中导致的” 正确。

【篇二】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解练习及精析

　　Taste is such a subjective matter that we don't usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone's preference, is that it's one person's opinion. But because the two big cola(可乐) companies Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed aggressively, we've wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either C0ca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.

　　We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic (传统型)or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的)Coke, or Diet Pepsi-These were people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers.

　　We eventually located 19regular cola drinkers and 27diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentifiedsamples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked themto tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants 'choices with what mere gum-work would have accomplished.

　　Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7out of19regular cola drinkers correctly identified theirbrand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse -only 7of27identified all four samples correctly.

　　While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burn out, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to _____.

　　A. find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinking

　　B. reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers

　　C. show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guess-work

　　D. compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks

　　2. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show _____.

　　A. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinks

　　B. there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi

　　C. few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi

　　D. people's tastes differ from one another

　　3. It is implied in the first paragraph that _____.

　　A. the purpose of taste tests b to promote the sale of colas

　　B. the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies

　　C. the competition between the two colas is very strong

　　D. blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans

　　4. The word "burnout"(Line4,Para.5) here refers to the state of _____.

　　A. being seriously burnt in the skin

　　B. being unable to burn for lack of fuel

　　C. being badly damaged by fire

　　D. being unable to function because of excessive use

　　5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to _____.

　　A. show that taste preference is highly subjective

　　B. argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy

　　C. emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other

　　D. recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas

　　参考答案

　　1.[A] 第1段第3句提到，由于两大可乐公司的营销如此具有攻击性，我们不由想知道对味道的偏好在品牌忠诚度上起多大的作用，A与之相符。

　　2.[B] 第4段第2、3句表明可口可乐和百事可乐在味道方面并无多大差异，B与之相符。A、D不是实验数据所表明的事情，故排除;C与原文的意思不相符，也排除。

　　3.[C] 由第1段第3句中Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively可知两大公司竞争极为激烈，故选C。

　　4.[D] 文章最后一段第3句中，fatigue与taste bum out之间用or连接，表明两者语义比较接近，对比四个选项，D符合，表示味觉疲劳、麻木。

　　5.[A] 文章第1句Taste is such... food表明味觉偏好是十分主观的，且下文讲到的实验结果也更进一步印证了该观点，故选A。　

【篇三】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解练习及精析

　　Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come indistinct waves from distinct regions. Most of thegreat performers if the late 19th and early 20thcenturies were born and brought up in Russia andEastern Europe.I asked Isaac Stern, one of theworld’s greatest violinists the reason for thisphenomenon. It is very clear, he told me. Theywere all Jews(犹太人) and Jews at the time wereseverely oppressed and ill treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into theprofessional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. As aresult, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was apassport to the West.

　　Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellencein a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to bein the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. ”says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, includingmusic. When Western music came to Japan after World WarⅡ, that music not only became partof their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know,are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.

　　That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work,biologicalinheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, wasthe top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers inmusic.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school

　　because ______ .

　　A. it would allow them access to a better life in the West

　　B. Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent

　　C. they wanted their children to enter into the professional field

　　D. it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country

　　2.Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ______ .

　　A. enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence

　　B. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development

　　C. encourage people to compete with each other

　　D. promise talented children high positions

　　3.Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to ______ .

　　A. all-round development.

　　B. the learning of Western music

　　C. strict training of children

　　D. variety in academic studies

　　4.Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according

　　to the passage?

　　A. A natural gift.

　　B. Extensive knowledge of music.

　　C. Very early training.

　　D. A prejudice-free society.

　　5.Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Jewish Contribution to Music.

　　B. Training of Musicians in the World

　　C. Music and Society

　　D. The Making of Prodigies

　　参考答案

　　1.[A] 原文首段最后一句提到，所有犹太人父母的梦想就是让孩子上音乐学校，由because引导的从句解释了原因，即因为这是通往西方世界的通行证。A项为原文的同义改写，故选A。B、D在文中没有提及，原文中说进入professional field是不被允许的,故C不符合。

　　2.[B] nurturing societies出现在文中第2段第2句，很显然nurturing society指的是前一句说的“重视在某一特定领域中的优异表现，能培养才能的社会”,B与原文相符。

　　3.[C] 日本在文中作为典型的nurturing society的例子，之后提到日本社会竟争激烈，注重规范和纪律，结合这两点可知，C正确。

　　4.[A] 最后一段第2句提到，遗传在天才的产生上也起很重要的作用，即天赋，故选A。其他三项在文中并未提及。

　　5.[D] 本文中，prodigies是一个关键词，四个选项中只有D包含了这一关键词。其他三个选项都只是文中的局部信息，不是文章主旨，均排除。　

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