2015年度全国职称英语考试综合C:2017年职称英语考试综合教材概括大意第二篇

下面的短文有15处空白,请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个选项。 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities[气候变化给不备城市带来重大风险] A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao.She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and （51） development.She warns that many of the world‘s fast-growing urban areas,especially in developing countries.will likely suffer from the （52） of changing climate.Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to （53） emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.These gases are known to affect the atmosphere. "Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound（54）to the growing cities of the world," says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents." Cities are （55） sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lankao‘s findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable,and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term （56） . The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater （57） for natural disasters. Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat （58） paved cities more than surrounding areas.The impacts of such natural events can be more （59） in an urban environment.For example,a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution,causing widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may （60） basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads,are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing （61） access to reliable drinking water,roads and basic services. Local governments,therefore ,should take measures to （62） their residents."Unfortunately,they tend to move towards rhetoric （63） meaningful responses,Romero Lankao writes," They don‘t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning （64). They don't emphasize mass transit and reduce automobile use. In fact,many local governments are taking a hands—off approach." （65） ,she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities 51.（ ） A urban B industrial C economic D rural [参考答案]A [解析]根据前文的A new examination of urban policies,且全文都在谈关于城市的问题,多次出现cities,urban,所以此处应该选urban,表明Lanka0是一位环境变化与城市规划方面的专家。故选A. 52.（ ） A occasions B impacts C routines D connections [参考答案]B [解析]此处的句意是"承受环境改变的……"。很显然,此处应该选择有"影响、后果"等词义的词。备选项中A项occasions"场合、情况",B项impacts"影响",C项routines"惯例",D项connec— tions"联系"。只有B项贴合句意,所以选B. 53.（ ） A reduce B increase C study D measure [参考答案]A [解析]本句的句意是：大部分城市都未能……二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量。选项中只有reduee有"减少"的意思,因此A项正确。B项increase"增加",C项study"研究,学习",D项meas- ure"衡量,测量"用于此处均不合适。故本题选A. 54.（ ） A threats B interests C implications D differences [参考答案]A [解析]文章标题为Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities,本句的意思与标题呼应,因此当填入与risks意思相近的词,只有A项threats（威胁）合适,而B项interests"利益,兴趣",C项implications"含义,暗示",D项differences"区别,差异"均不符合文意。故本题选A. 55.（ ） A major B repeatable C doubeful D useful [参考答案]A [解析]句意为：城市是温室气体的……来源。很显然此处要选具有"主要"意思的词汇,故选 major.B项repeatable"可重复的",C项doubtful"可疑的",D项useful"有用的"都不符合句意。故本题选A. 56.（ ） A signs B benefits C chances D planes [参考答案]B [解析]根据上下文可知城市具名最容易受到气候变化的危害,所以Lankao建议地方政府要介入保护居民,而这会带来即刻的长期的益处。因此B项benefits合适,而A项signs"迹象",C项 chances"机会",D项plans"计划"均不符合文意。故选B. 57.（ ） A cost B mornent C risk D speed [参考答案]A [解析]at the moment接of,意为"在……时刻"；risk一般也与0f搭配,at risk of意为"冒……的风险"；at speed of意为"……的速度"。只有A项cost能与for搭配,at the cost for意为"以……为代价",此句意思是城市密集的建设模式和选址常常以居民面临自然灾害为代价。所以本题选A. 58.（ ） A locally B heavily C suddenly D mildly [参考答案]A [解析]从more than后面的surrounding areas（周边地区）可以看出相对比的一定是本地,所以选locally.而其他选项意思均不合适。故本题选A. 59.（ ） A standard B meaningful C serious D friendly [参考答案]C [解析]此处句意为：这类自然灾害的影响对城市环境而言更具……。后面一句紧接着举例说明所带来的影响。备选项的意思分别为A项"标准的",B项"有意义的",C项"严重的",D项"友好的"。由句意和下文可知只能选serious,表示城市受到的影响更加严重。故本题选C. 60.（ ） A provide B lack C update D improve [参考答案]B [解析]此处句意为：长时间的热浪可能使可怜的左邻右里……基本的设施。灾难只能使人们缺少物资,绝对不会是"提供"（A项）、"更新"（C项）或者"改进"（D项）。所以选C项lack. 61.（ ） A with B without C in D on [参考答案]B [解析]此句承接上一句,仍是讲缺少物资的窘境。所以此处选B项without. 62.（ ） A identify B educate C protect D evaluate [参考答案]C [解析]此处句意为：当地政府应该承担起……其居民的责任。关于政府对居民的职责在前文第一段最后一句有表述too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents,所以此处选C项protect. 63.（ ） A less than B rather than C more than D better than [参考答案]B [解析]此处句意为：不幸的是,他们（政府）总是语言上的巨人,行动上的矮子。在说和干之间表示政府的两面性,应该用rather than,表示"是……而不是……"。其他三个都是比较级,而不是表转折。因此本题选B. 64.（ ） A needs B wastes C areas D resources [参考答案]A [解析]此处句意为：他们不加强建设标准,以减少供暖和空调的……。根据后文的reduce automobile use,此处用"需求"比较适合。所以选A项needs. 65.（ ） A Still B However C Moreover D Thus [参考答案]D [解析]最后一句是是对前文的一个总结和结果陈述,所以选thus,表示因此。still意为"仍然,尽管如此",有转折的意味；however做连词意为"然而,但是",是表示转折的常用连词；moreover意为"此外,而且",表示更一步的说明或者补充。因此本题选D.

本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/Kssx.html