2015年职称英语综合A级阅读理解_2017职称英语综合类A级阅读理解练习题及答案解析3

The Iceman

　　On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height(10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface.

　　It was lying face downward. The skeleton(骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮) and a holder for arrows.

　　Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century , perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I , since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old.

　　With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Bom in about 3300 B.C., he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X - ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.

　　By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. we may never know the full story of how he died, but he has give us important clues to the history of those distant times.

　　31. The body of the Iceman was found in the mountains mainly because __________.

　　A. he was lying on the ice

　　B. he was just on a mountain pass

　　C. two Germans were climbing the mountains

　　D. the melted ice made him visible

　　32. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?

　　A. The Iceman lived a poor life.

　　B. The Iceman was struck dead from behind.

　　C. The Iceman was killed while working.

　　D. The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.

　　33. All the following are assumptions once made about the Ice man EXCEPT __________.

　　A. he was a soldier in World War I

　　B. he was a Swiss woman's long-lost father

　　C. he came from Italy

　　D. he was born about a thousand years ago

　　34. The scientists made the deduction that the Iceman

　　A. had got a wound on the back of his head

　　B. had a tiny hole in his skin causing his death

　　C. was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead

　　D. was probably in some kind of a battle

　　35. The word "bandits" in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by __________.

　　A. soldiers

　　B. hunters

　　C. robbers

　　D. shooters
　参考答案：

　　31.D[解析]本题是细节考查题。冰人尸体被发现的原因在文章的第一段提到"The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface."由止匕知道是融化的冰将他暴露了出来，因此D正确。

　　32..D[解析]原题是从第二段可以做出什么样的推断?本段开头提到"It was lying face downward. The skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the head."(它面朝下，除了头部有伤外，骨架状况很好)，就此推断，冰人可能死于头部伤口，因此答案是D。

　　33.C[解析]细节考查题。原题是下列哪项不是人们对冰人的猜测。原文在第三段。选项A"他是一战时期的士兵"，B"他是一位瑞士妇女失踪多年的父亲"和选项D"他大约在一千年前出生"在文中可以找到，而选项C"他来自意大利"在文章中没有出现。采用排除法得出答案C。

　　34.D [解析]本题是细节考查题。原题是科学家对冰人的推论是什么。原文在第四段。选项A"头后部有伤口"是事实而非推论;选项B"皮肤上的小孔导致他的死亡"不符合事实;选项C"他的肩膀被箭头刺伤"是事实而非推论;选项D"有可能参与过战斗"是推论;因此选D。

　　35.C[解析]本题是词汇考察题。原题是第四段中"bandits"是什么意思?选项A"战士";选项B"猎人";选项C"强盗";选项D"射击手"。该词意思为"强盗"，因此选C。

　　参考译文

　　冰人

　　1991年9月的一天，两位德国人正在攀登奥地利和意大利之间的山脉。在一个山口，他们发现了一具躺在冰上的尸体。在这样的高度(10499英尺或3200米)，冰通常是常年不化的。但是1991年是特别暖的一年，山上的冰比以前消融得迅速，所以尸体才显露出来。

　　他面朝下，除了头部有伤外，骨架完整。骨头上依然有皮肤和残余的衣物。尸体的双手仍然握着斧头的木柄，双脚穿着简单的皮革和布料做的靴子，他附近有一双树皮做的手套和一个箭筒。

　　他是谁?在什么时候、怎样死去的?每个人的解释不同。有人认为他就是本世纪的人，有可能是一战时期阵亡的士兵，因为在这附近已经有士兵被发现了。一位瑞士妇女相信他是二十年前在这些山脉间去世的父亲，只是他的遗体一直没有被找到。赶去查看的科学家认为这一具尸体的年代可能更久远，甚至有一千年了。

　　借助现代科技，科学家们很快获悉这一冰人已有差不多5300年了。他大约出生在公元前3300年，生活在欧洲的青铜器时代。起初，科学家们认为他有可能是在高山间打猎时因为事故而身亡。然而最近的一些证据显示出不同。新型的X光扫描表明，他的肩膀上还有一个箭头，皮肤上只有一个小孔，但却导致内部损伤和失血。几乎可以肯定他死于这个箭伤，而不是脑后的伤口。这说明他有可能参与过战争。有可能是大型战争的一部分或者曾经和强盗博斗过，甚至他本人就可能是强盗。

　　通过研究他的衣服和工具，科学家们已经了解了有关冰人所生活的时代的很多内容。我们有可能永远无法知道他死亡的完整真相，但是他给我们提供了那个远古时代的重要线索。

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