2017年职称英语 考试 报名_2017职称英语理工类阅读专项实战练习题四

　　Powering a City? It’s a Breeze.1

　　The graceful wooden windmills that have broken up the flat Dutch landscape for centuries — a national symbol like wooden shoes and tulips — yielded long ago to ungainly metal-pole turbines.2 Now, windmills are breaking into a new frontier. Though still in its teething stages, the “urban turbine” is a high-tech windmill designed to generate energy from the rooftops of busy cities. Lighter, quieter, and often more efficient than rural counterparts3, they take advantage of the extreme turbulence4 and rapid shifts in direction that characterize urban wind patterns. Prototypes have been successfully tested in several Dutch cities, and the city government in the Hague5 has recently agreed to begin a large-scale deployment in 2003. Current models cost US$ 8,000 to US$12,000 and can generate between 3,000 and 7,000 kilowatt hours of electricity per year. A typical Dutch household uses 3,500 kilowatt hours per year, while in the United States, this figure jumps to around 10,000 kilowatt hours. But so far, they are being designed more for public or commercial buildings than for private homes. The smallest of the current models weigh roughly 200 kilograms and can be installed on a roof in a few hours without using a crane. Germany, Finland and Denmark have also been experimenting with the technology, but the ever-practical Dutch are natural pioneers in urban wind power mainly because of the lack of space. The Netherlands, with 16 million people crowded into a country twice the size of Slovenia6, is the most densely populated in Europe. Problems remain, however, for example, public safety concerns7, and so strict standards should be applied to any potential manufacturer. Vibrations are the main problem in skyscraper-high turbine. People don’t know what it would be like to work there, in an office next to one of the big turbines. It might be too hectic. Meanwhile, projects are under way8 to use minimills9 to generate power for lifeboats, streetlights, and portable generators. “I think the thing about wind power is that you can use it in a whole range of situations,” said Corin Millais, of the European Wind Energy Association. “It’s a very local technology, and you can use it right in your backyard, I don’t think anybody wants a nuclear power plant in their backyard.”

　　词汇: windmill / 5windmil/n.风车 lifeboat / 5laIfbEJt/n.救生艇 tulip / 5tju:lip/n.郁金香 (花) minimill / 5mini mil /n.微型风车 ungainly / Qn5^einli/ adj.笨拙的，难看的 teethe / ti:T/ v.出乳牙;生牙 hectic / 5hektik/adj.忙碌不停的 ;忙乱的 backyard / bAk5jB:d/n.后院 vibration / vai5breiFEn/n.振动 turbulence / 5t\:bjJlEns /n.(液体或气体的 )紊流;湍prototype / 5prEutEtaip/n.原型;样品;典型 流 kilowatt / 5kilEuwCt/n.千瓦[略作 KW，wk] roof-top / ru:f tCp /n.平顶房的屋顶 turbine / 5tE:bin/n.透(机)，涡轮 (机) characterize / 5kArIktEraIz /v.表示……的特征注释:

　　1. It’s a breeze: breeze既可作“微风”解，也有“容易做的事 ”的意思。本文主题与风力有关，作者的隐含意义是:风力发电不是件难事。

　　2. The graceful wooden windmills … yielded long ago to ungainly metal-pole turbines:优雅的木制风车早已为笨拙的金属涡轮所代替。 yielded to:意为“ to give place，as to one that is superior”(让位于 )。Ungainly：笨拙的，与前面的 graceful形成对照。 turbines：将流动的液体的动能转化为机械能的装置。

　　3. rural counterparts：这里指乡村中传统的“ wooden windmills”。counterpart z相对物。

　　4. turbulence：紊流，即指“不规则的大气运动”。

　　5. Hague：海牙，荷兰实际上的首都，是政府所在地，而 Amsterdam (阿姆斯特丹 )是宪法规定的首都。

　　6. Slovenia：斯洛文尼亚，原为南斯拉夫联邦的一部分， 1991年 6月 25日脱离南斯拉夫成为独立主权国家，即斯洛文尼亚共和国 (Republic of Slovenia)，首都为卢布尔雅那 (Ljubljana)。

　　7. public safety concerns：公共安全问题

　　8. under way：已经开始或起动的;在进行中的

　　9. minimills由前縀 mini- (小的)和 mills构成。练习：

　　1. What are the symbols of the Netherlands according to the first paragraph? A The flat landscape. B Wooden shoes and wooden windmills. C Metal-pole turbines. D Both A and B.

　　2. Which statement best describes the urban turbine mentioned in the second paragraph? A It is a windmill put on rooftops of buildings for energy generation. B It is a high-tech machine designed to generate energy for urban people. C It is light and quiet and therefore more efficient. D It is driven by urban wind.

　　3. The smallest models of an urban turbine A is designed for private homes. B weighs 2,000 kilograms.

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　　C can be carried up to the rooftop without a crane. D can he installed with a crane.

　　4. Netherlands leads in the urban turbine technology because A the Dutch are natural pioneers. B the Dutch have a tradition with windmills. C the Netherlands is windier than Germany, Finland and Slovenia. D the Netherlands is a small country with a large population.

　　5. According to the last paragraph, what are the advantages of wind power technology? A It can be used for different purposes. B It can replace nuclear power plant. C It can be installed in one’s backyard. D Both A and C.

　　答案与题解 :

　　1. B 文章的第一段提供了答案。 wooden windmills像 wooden shoes and tulips一样，都是 national symbol (国家的象征 )。the Dutch：荷兰人， the Netherlands:荷兰。

　　2. B 第二段的第二句提供了答案。 A不是正确的选项，因为这个句子没有突出这种 windmill 是一项高科技产物，也未说明是城市还是乡村的建筑。 C也不是正确选项，因为文章中只是说 urban turbine重量比乡村木制风年轻，噪音也较小，且常常比乡村木制风车更有效率，但这不等于说它的重量轻、噪音小，另外其有效性也不是重量轻、噪音小的结果。

　　3. C A是错误选项，第四段告诉我们目前这些涡轮机更多地不是为私宅而是为公共建筑或商业建筑而设计。 B明显数字错误， D也是明显错误，只有 C是正确选项。

　　4. D第五段的第一句告诉我们，由于土地有限，荷兰人在城市风力发电技术方面是当然的先锋，第二句说，荷兰是欧洲人口昀为密集的国家。因此， D是正确选项。

　　5. D 文章段后一段提到风力有许多用途，还能在你的后院使用。因此 D是正确答案。

2017职称英语理工类阅读专项实战练习题四.doc

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