元音音标表（20个） 5个元音的字母音 a [ei] e [i:] i [ai] o [əu] u [ju:] 5个元音的短元音： a [əe] bag cat hat map e [e] pen bed ten hen I [i] big pig sit hill o [כ] box hot dog frog u [u] but mum bus mug 12个单元音： 长元音 [i:] [כ:] [a:] [u:] [ə:] 短元音 [i] [כ] [۸] [u] [ə] [e] [əe] 8个双元音：[ei] [ai] [כi] [iə] [eə] [uə] [əu] [au] 元音发音规则表： 1.单元音/i:/ see me be she need read meal eat seat deep keep 开音节中的e/i:/ me be she ee /i:/ see sleep deep feet need ea /i:/ read eat meal seat 2.单元音 /i/ in it is fit pin bit kiss sick miss fish rich lid 闭音节中的i /i/ if, his, film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节) 闭音节中的y /i/ sympathy, syllable, system, gym 位于词尾的y /i/ city, pity, willingly, possibility 3.单元音 /e/ get let bed pen best rest wet never better best 闭音节中的e /e/ bed, peg, set, tell ea /e/ dead, heaven, feather 4.单元音/əe/ hat cat rat cap map fat man thank stamp fact 闭音节中的 a / əe / bad, lad, rat, cab 5.单元音 /a:/ heart arm darn farm cart fast car dark barn pass ar /a:/ arm, ark, lard, dark, car, card, hard, harm 6.单元音 / כ / lot got job shop soft song top hot box pot lock 闭音节中的o / כ / hot, got, not, lost, on, soft 7./ כ:/ tall fall wall Paul Maud walk call yawn thought 1 / 3 or / כ:/ or, sport, bored, horse, more, before a(+ll或lk) / כ:/ all, fall, talk, walk aw / כ:/ law, paw, draw, flaw, claw 8.单元音 /u/ cook book look put good full foot would u /u/ put, full, pull, push, sugar, cushion oo /u/ good, took, wood, wool, stood, bedroom ou /u/ could, would, should 9.单元音 /u:/ too soon rule boot fool school soup cool lose new oo /u:/ fool, booth, room, food ou /u:/ soup, you, group o /u:/ do, to, who 10.单元音/ ۸/ cup bus gun hut duck luck cut stuck 闭音节中的u /۸/ but, hunt, sun, duck, luck 闭音节中的o /۸/ son, once, colour, other, money ou /۸/ rough, enough, touch, cousin, young 11.单元音 /ə:/ shirt hunt burn girl bird nurse work curse er /ə:/ herd, verb, mercy ir /ə:/ thirty, shirt, third, fir ur /ə:/ turn, church, burn, nurse, curse or /ə:/ word, work, world, worse ear /ə:/ heard, earth, search 12.单元音 /ə/ ago about asleep above again among mother brother 许多元音在非重读章节中读成/ə/，所以/ə/的拼写形式多种多样。如： about, sofa, doctor, colour, figure 13.双元音 /ei/ May pay way day same hay great gain pain spade a /ei/ save, face, pale ay /ei/ day, pay, may ai /ei/ wait, fail, strait ea /ei/ break, great 14.双元音 /əu/ no go so hole hope road home slow load foe soul o /əu/ go, hello, no, open, over, joking, October oa /əu/ coat, soap, boat, road, coast ow /əu/ snow, throw, blow, show, know, window 15.双元音 /ai/ bye lie try eye cry die my five time mine like 开音节中的i /ai/ time, crime, rite, fine igh /ai/ high, might, night, light, bright y /ai/ cry, my, sky, fly, July, reply ie /ai/ eye, dye, bye 2 / 3 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/1e9760f25322aaea998fcc22bcd126fff7055d04.html