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高三英语二轮复习 读写任务专题 How To Write a Summary 一、3 Styles of Passages（文章体裁） Styles（体裁） Narration (记叙文) Argumentation (议论文) Exposition (说明文) Functions（功能） describe a person or an event, with afterthoughts show the writer’s point of view introduce something, eg. a phenomenon We should encourage children__________ scolding them. (instead of) (5)词序改变法 The secret of success was patience. ______________was ________________.(Patience is the secret of success) (6)句意理解法 Shopping on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular. ___________________________.( More and more people prefer Internet shopping) (7 )细节省略法 Don’t always scold and give lots of praise instead. _____________________________.( Don’t scold and give praise instead) 五、Some Summary Models for You（概括写作模板） (1)Narration Summary Models(记叙文概要模板) A：点明写作目的类： The writer tells us…（主题）by showing us an example of…, who/which…（故事情节）. B：作者经历类： In the passage, the writer mainly tells us his experience of doing sth, which…… C：他人经历类： This passage is mainly about sb’s experience of doing sth….. (2)Argumentation Summary Models (议论文概要模板) A： The article gives the view that…should/shouldn’t…（主题）.…..（补充论据）. B： The passage highlights(强调) the importance of sth….. C： The author argues that… (3)Exposition Summary Models (说明文概要模板) A：现象揭示类： This article points out the common phenomenon -----…（主题), which…..（补充解释）. B：利弊对比类： The article compares the disadvantages/ benefits of A and B. A…while B… The passage discusses the impact(影响)of sth. On the positive side…, but it may also…. C：研究显示类： The study reveals(揭露) that… The purpose of the report is to show that… 实战演练 Passage 1 Everyone has an experience they would rather forget. Some are embarrassing, some are moving, and some teach us a lesson. Here is a story of mine. Last Sunday I went fishing. After setting up my fishing rod（钓鱼竿） with bait（鱼饵）, I sat down on the bank of the lake. But two hours later, I didn’t catch any fish. I got very angry and began to pack up my stuff（收拾东西）, preparing to go back home. Just then, I saw an old man sitting near me. To my surprise, his basket was full of fish, so I went 二、确认了文章体裁之后，如何找关键句或关键词 体裁 记叙文 议论文 说明文 关键句 抓住who, what happened, 及the writer’s purpose 通常抓住首段和尾段 抓住首段或各段首句 三、The Steps of Writing a Summary（概括写作步骤） (1)定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时；如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时； (2)定人称：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作，特殊如书信的，可能会使用第二人称； (3)定技巧：结合相关技巧，重新组句。 四、Rewrite the sentences according to the skills.（改写原文句子） (1)词性转换法 Patience is very important. Patience is ___________________________.(of great importance) (2)句式变化法 语态变换： Parents should give children more praise Children should _____________ more praise (be given) (3)简单句变复合句： Children should be encouraged more. This will help them learn faster. Children should be encouraged more, ____________will help them learn faster. (which) Children are given more praise. They will achieve more success. When____________________, children will achieve more success. (given more praise) (4)连词衔接法 注意使用一些短而精的连词，如but, and, so, while, however, then, thus, yet, for, therefore, including, instead of 等。 We should encourage children. We should not scold them. - 1 - 高三英语二轮复习 读写任务专题 over to him, wanting to know why. “Excuse me, but how long have you sat here?” I asked. “About four hours,” he answered. “Four hours?” I couldn’t believe my ears. “Yes. It’s very important to be patient,” the old man said. “ Don’t consider fishing a tiring sport. Just enjoy it.” Suddenly, I understood what he said. I must learn to be patient. Then I sat there and waited for fish patiently. I felt a fish touch the bait, but I didn’t move and waited for the right moment to reel it in（卷收钓鱼线）. At last, I caught it. This made me very happy. In the following six hours, I caught over 10 fish. On my way home, I thought what had happened on the bank. I gradually realized that the secret of success was patience. 关键词 、句 (1)the writer, an old man, fishing, experience, teach sb. a lesson, (2)The secret of success was patience. 第一步：要求把（1）连词成句___________________.(The writer had a fishing experience with an old man who taught him a lesson ：把（2）词序变化：___________________(Patience was the secret of success.) 第二步：要求把（１）和（２）整合为一句：______________________.( The writer had a fishing experience with an old man who taught him a lesson that patience was the secret of success) 第三步：用模板套：____________________( The writer tells us patience was very important and that it was the secret of success by showing us an example of his unforgettable fishing experience with an old man, who taught him a lesson. (35words) Passage 2: It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children to be responsible(有责任的）for housework,but with one of the following suggestions,you really can get your children to help at home. If you give your children the impression that they can never do anything quite right,then they will regard themselves as unfit or unable persons.Unless children believe they can succeed,they will never become totally independent. My daughter Carla,s fifth-grade teacher made every child in her class feel special.When students received less than a prefect test score,she would point out what they had mastered and declared firmly they could learn what they had missed. You can use the same technique when you evaluate(评价）your child,s work at home.Don,t always scold and give lots of praise instead.Talk about what he has done right,not about what he hasn,t done.If your child completes a difficult task,promise him a Sunday trip or a ball game with Dad. Learning is a process（过程）of trying and failing and trying and succeeding. If you teach your children not to fear a mistake or failure,they will learn faster and achieve success at last. 关键词：be responsible for housework,evaluate 关键句 (1) Don’t always scold and give lots of praise instead. 细节省略法 _____________________.(Don’t scold and give praise instead) 词序变化法、连词衔接法 ______________________(Give praise instead of scolding) 词性变换法 ______________________.(Praise children instead of scolding them) - 2 - 高三英语二轮复习 读写任务专题 (3)People can shop for a variety of things on the Internet. (4) common products, information products, services 套模板_______________________________ This article points out the common Phenomenon)---Internet shopping, which offers great convenience.People can buy many things on the Internet including common products,information products and evenservices. 概括文章注意事项： “五定三忌” 定体裁；定主题；定时态; 定人称；定技巧。 忌照抄原文；忌私加观点； 忌不符字数。 附：广东高考概括部分评分细则 1. 完全糊涂地照抄原文，连人称都不改的，得0分； 2. 机械死板地照抄原文，只改人称的，得 1分； 3. 稍微灵活地抄原文，改主语、宾语、原 文词序的，得2分； 4. 创造性地抄，改主语、宾语、原文词序还有句子结构的，最多得3分； 5. 结构、用词、词性变化比较好的得4至5分。 How To Write a Body ●夹叙夹议型读写任务 夹叙夹议就是一方面叙述某一事情，一方面又对此事加以分析与评论。这种表达方式中的叙与议是一个有机的整体，“叙”是“议”的基础，即议论不能脱离记叙，必须在记叙的基础上展开；“议”是“叙”的渗透，即议论在记叙的基础上发表，且要有一定的深度与广度。 写夹叙夹议类书面表达时，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。 1、阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文. One morning, a friend of mine set the breakfast table beside a huge window, which overlooked the Tred Avon River. Suddenly she leaned forward and cried out, “ There is a goose out there!” We saw the figure of a large Canada goose, very still, its wings folded tight to its sides and its feet frozen to the ice. Then in the sky, she saw a line of swans. They flew from the top of the sky downward and at last landed on the ice. My friend was on her feet, with one unbelieving hand against her mouth. As the swans surrounded the frozen goose, she feared that the poor goose might be pecked out by those great swan bills. Unexpectedly, those bills began to work on the ice. The long necks were lifted and curved down (弯下) again and again. They went on for a long time. At last, the goose was free and standing on the ice. And the swans stood nearby watching. Then, as if the goose was crying, “I cannot fly”, four of the swans came down around it. Their powerful bills chipped off the ice stuck in its feathers. Slowly, the goose spread its wings as far as they would go. Seeing the goose could freely move its wings, the swans flew slowly into the sky. This is a true story. Every time I think of it, I can’t help asking, “If so for birds, why not for man?” 【写作内容】 以约30个词概括短文的含义; 以约120个词写一篇关于帮助别人或接受别人帮助的一次经历并包含以下要点: ⑴叙述你在学习或生活上帮助别人或接受别人帮助的一次经历; ⑵阐述你对这件事的感受与体会; (2) If you teach your children not to fear a mistake of failure, they will learn faster and achieve success at last.句意理解法词性转换法同义替换法细节省略法_________________________________(Encourage your children and they will make more progress and succeed) 套用模板，把（1）（2）句合并 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. The article gives the view that every family can teach children to be responsible for housework..Parents should let children believe they can succeed, evaluate them correctly and praise and encourage them instead of scolding, which will help children to make progress and succeed. Passage 3: Internet shopping is a new way of shopping. You no longer need to walk round hundreds of shops looking for the items you need. Nowadays, you can shop for just about anything from your armchair. All you need is a computer which is linked to the Internet. Shopping on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular. In the United States , 50 percent of families have computers at home and almost one third are linked to the Internet. Americans spent over US＄11 billion by the year 2004. People can shop for a variety of products on the Internet. Physical products include items such as books, CDs, clothes and food. These types of products are the most common purchases（购入品） through the Internet. You can also buy information products such as on-line news or magazine stories, or you can download computer software through the Internet. Services such as booking airline tickets, reserving（预定）hotels or renting cars are also available（可得到的）on the Internet. You can also go shopping on the Internet for entertainment services and take part in on-line games or e-mail “chats”. 关键词、句 (1) Internet shopping is a new way of shopping. (2) Shopping on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular. - 3 - 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/99121c083968011ca3009158.html