II. 名词的数： 1.规则名词的复数形式： 名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。 现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下： 规则例词 1）一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days 2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes 3）以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives 加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs 4）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities 5）以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys 6）以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes 不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos 两者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/volcanos 7）以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 8）以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2.不规则名词复数： 英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下： 规则例词 1 1）改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2）单复数相同sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan,jin, 3）只有复数形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents 4）一些集体名词总是用作复数people,police,cattle,staff 5）部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）audience,class,family, crowd,couple,group,committee,government,population,crew,team, public,enemy,party 6）复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关),forces(军队),times(时代),spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料),sands(沙滩),papers(文件报纸),manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜),ruins(废墟) 7）表示“某国人” 加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans 单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen 8）合成名词将主体名词变为复数 sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boyfriends 无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants 2 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/e5df6a0f757f5acfa1c7aa00b52acfc788eb9f5a.html