2018考研英语一-2018考研英语备考:爱因斯坦演讲(信任是人类和平的基础)

爱因斯坦1950年在美国电视台演讲——信任是人类和平的基础

　　I am grateful to you for the opportunity to express my conviction in this most important political question.

　　感谢你们给我这次机会就这个极其重要的政治问题发表我自己的看法。

　　The idea of achieving security through national armament is，at the present state of military technique, a disastrous illusion. On the part of the United States this illusion has been particularly fostered by the fact that this country succeeded first in producing an atomic bomb. The belief seemed to prevail that in the end it were possible to achieve decisive military superiority.

　　就目前的军备技术水平来看，要想通过加强国家军备来保障国家安全只是一个 会带来灾难后果的幻想。美国，率先成功地研制出原子弹所以特别容易抱有这种幻 想。看来多数人相信美国最终可能取得决定性的军事优势地位。

　　In this way, any potential opponent would be intimidated, so ardently desired by all of us, brought to us, and to all of humanity. The maxim which we have been following during these last five years has been, in short: security through superior military power, whatever the cost.

　　通过这种方式，足以震慑住任何潜在的对手，而我们和全人类就可以得到大家所期望的安全了。在过去的五年里，我们一直信奉的箴言之一就是“不惜一切代 价，通过军事力量的优势确保国家安全”。

　　The armament race between the USA and USS.R., originally supposed to be a preventive measure，assumes hysterical character. On both sides, the means to mass destruction are perfected withfeverish haste~behind the respective walls of secrecy. The H-bomb appears on the public horizon as a probably attainable goal.

　　美国和苏联之间的军备竞赛原本是一种防御手段，而现在却呈现出不顾一切的 疯狂态势。在保证安全的美丽外表后面，双方都秘而不宣地以狂热的速度完善其大 规模杀伤性武器。而在公众心目中，研制氢弹似乎巳经是可以达到的目标了。

　　If successful, radioactive poisoning of the atmosphere and hence annihilation of any life... on earth has been brought within the range of technical possibilities. The ghostlike character of this development lies in its apparently compulsory trend. Every step appears as the unavoidableconsequence of the preceding one. In the end, there beckons more and more clearly general annihilation.

　　如果氢弹研制成功，从技术层面上来说，将会对大气层造成放射性污染，并可 能由此导致地球上所有生命的灾绝。这种技术发展的恐怖之处在于它的势不可挡。 每一步都是前一步不可避免的结果。最终，很可能导致全人类的灭亡。

　　Is there any way out of this impasse created by man himself? All of us, and particularly those who are responsible for the attitude of the US and the USS.R.， should realize that we may have vanquished an external enemy, but have been incapable of getting rid of the mentality created by the war.

　　人类是否有摆脱自己造成的僵局的出路？我们所有的人，尤其是那些对美国和 苏联的立场负责的人，应该意识到：我们或许可以击溃外界的敌人，但不可能摆脱 由战争而产生的那种精神状态。

　　It is impossible to achieve peace as long as every single action is taken with a possible future conflictin view. The leading point of view of all political action should therefore be: what can we do to bring about a peaceful coexistence and even loyal cooperation of the nations?

　　如果每次采取一项行动都考虑将来可能要发生冲突的，那么和平便不可能实 现。因此所有政治行为的指导思想是：我们能做些什么来实现国家间的和平共处甚 至精诚合作？

　　The first problem is to do away with mutual fear and distrust. Solemn renunciation of violence (not only with respect to means of mass destruction) is undoubtedly necessary.

　　首先我们要去除相互间的恐惧和猜疑。毫无疑问，我们有必要郑重声明放弃暴 力（不仅仅指大规模杀伤性武器）。

　　Such renunciation, however，can only be effective if at the same time a supranational judicial and executive body is set up empowered to decide questions of immediate concern to the security of the nations. Even a declaration of the nations to collaborate loyally in the realization of such a restrictedworld government” would considerably reduce the imminent danger of war.

　　然后，要想有效地杜绝暴力的使用，必须同时建立一个超越国家的司法和执行 机构，赋予它权利，使它决定直接与各国安全密切相关的问题。即便是各国发表共 同宣言，保证忠诚地通力合作，使这样一个“权利有限的世界政府”得以实现，也 可以大大降低战争发生的危险。

　　In the last analysis, every kind of peaceful cooperation among men is primary based on mutual trust and only secondly on institutions such as courts of justice and police. This holds for nations as well as for individuals. And the basis of trust is loyal to give and take.

　　总之，相互信任是人类和平合作的首要基础，司法机关和警察机关次之。个人 交往是如此，国家关系也同样如此。而信任的基础是取和予都要正直忠实。

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