中考英语知识点归纳_2017年中考英语知识点梳理:定语从句讲解

副标题:2017年中考英语知识点梳理:定语从句讲解

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【考点扫描】
  中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:
  1.定语从句的功用和结构
  2.关系代词和关系副词的功用
  3.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
  考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。
  【精讲】
  一. 定语从句的功用和结构
  在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如:
  This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.
  Do you know everybody who came to the party?
  I still remember the night when I first came to the village?
  This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.
  二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用
  关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。
  1. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如:
  I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
  The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
  2. 作宾语:
  She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
  The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.
  3. 作定语
  关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如:
  What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
  The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
  4. 作状语
  I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
  This is the house where I was born.
  三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
  1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。例如:
  The person who broke the window must pay for it.
  The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
  2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。例如:
  Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?
  Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
  3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。例如:
  The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
  I know the boy whose father is a professor.
  4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如:
  A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
  Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
  5. that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如:
  I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
  Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?

2017年中考英语知识点梳理:定语从句讲解.doc

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