2019考研英语阅读翻译-2019考研备考英语阅读技巧：识别论点论据特征

【#考研# 导语】®文档大全网今天就考研英语阅读中论点论据各自的特征一一详解，方便大家在做考研阅读文章时，快速分清论点论据，直击考点，做题得分。

　　论据特征一：具体，细节。

　　论据往往是一些具体细节信息，包括具体的时间、人物、地点、事件过程、专有名词，或者试验对象、实验过程、实验数据统计等。以及一些理论论据，如引用他人言论。再有就是古今对比结构中的古，过去相对现在是论据。如when 引导的过去时间从句，有past等的句子，大部分都是论据。

　　例1：2017 英语一 text 1, the crash of Egypt air flight 804 具体事件信息，属于事件论据。论据可以略读甚至是跳读，重点是前面的论点。

　　Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.（2017text 1 paragraph 2）

　　例2，2011 英语一，text 3， Toyota Motor,后有论据的典型词for example, 是论据段，后面不用看，直接看论据前的论点，解答Q34。

　　If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg. （2011 text 3 paragraph 4）

　　识别论据后，在我们阅读的时候可以帮助我们撇清一些庞杂的具体细节，直指主题，简单明了。论据是为了佐证观点，论点地位不言而喻。那论点的特征包括哪些？

　　论点特征二：抽象概念，具有评判性。

　　比较明显的论点，会有观点动词，或者情态动词等体现。如句子中有：consider, regard, think, believe, imagine that, hold that, suggest that 等等。

　　如上述例2，论据前一句：In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. 此论点句中就含有情态动词may 。

　　例1的论点句，具有评判性，乐意忍受，是态度判定。Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety.

　　论点论据是议论文的基本要素，要搞定我们考研阅读，首要就是要分清论点论据。再结合我们题型的考核重点，有选择得重读与略读，提高阅读速度的同时，还能保证阅读的正确率。因此大家在做阅读时，如遇到介词In+时间，地点，这就是典型的论据内容，如果提干考核的是论据细节，就重读论据。如果考核的是论据论证了什么观点，那就跳过论据，直奔论点。分清论点论据， 有的放矢，天下我有。

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