新概念英语第三册语法分布,新概念英语第三册重点语法总结:虚拟语气

副标题:新概念英语第三册重点语法总结:虚拟语气

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  虚拟语气用来表达不可能或难以实现的愿望,与事实相反的假设,通常分为基本的三种形式。


  1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟:


  If + did / were + ..., ... would


  should


  could + do (动词原形)


  might


  If I were you, I would go abroad at once. (I am not you.)


  If he knew it now, he could help me. (He doesn't know it now.)


  2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟:


  If + had done + ..., ... would (might) have done ...


  If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned you.


  (I didn't know your telephone number.)


  If you had come here a littleearlier just now, you might have met her.


  (You didn't come here earlier.)


  3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟:


  (1) If + should + v., ... would + v.


  (可能性很小)(译作“万一”)


  If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home.


  If I should fail, what should Ido?


  (2) If + did / were to + v ..., would + v.


  (完全不可能)


  If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.


  If you finished it in 3 minutes, I would give you my car.


  4. 金牌特殊重点:!!


  [简单联想记忆]:


  ● 下列动词后的“宾语从句”中需要用虚拟形式,即should + 动词原形,shoud在美国英语中要省略(TOEFL语法考点)。此类常见的动词有:


  order, ask, decide, demand, require, recommend, suggest(建议)insist(坚决要求),advise, etc.


  例句:He suggested that we (should) help them with English.


  The teacher ordered that the homework (should) be finished within half an hour.


  ● 下列名词后的同位语从句中要用“should + 动词原形”(should可省去)的虚拟。


  suggestion, order, request, demand, importance, proposal.


  He made a suggestion that we (should) have a fancy dress party.


  I think it is a thing of importance that it (should) be done soon.


  ● It is / was important / necessary / natural / essential / advisable / strange / surprising, ect. + that +主语+ should + v.


  It is strange that you should say such a thing.


  It was important that you should tell me all the information.


  ● wish后的宾语从句中,as if 后的状语从句中,须用下列的虚拟形式:


  主 + wish+ (that) + 主 + did / were(指现在)


  had done(指过去)


  would+ v.(指将来)


  Iwishthat I met my uncle now.


  IwishI had met my uncle yesterday.


  IwishI could meet my uncle tomorrow.


  ● It is (high) time that ... + did / were ...


  It is time that you went to bed.


  ● would rather that ... + did / were ...


  I would rather that you were not here now.


  ● would sooner that ... + did / were ...


  I would sooner that you got up earlier.


  I would sooner that you were not my brother.


新概念英语第三册重点语法总结:虚拟语气.doc

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