[新概念英语第2册第10课课文]新概念英语第2册:第10课重要句型语法

第10课的内容：
　　一、重要句型或语法
　　1、被动语态
　　本课侧重的是一般过去时中的被动语态的用法，即：was/were done by，如：The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.
　　2、双重所有格
　　即a+名词+of+名词+'s或是名词复数+of+名词+'s，如：a friend of my father's或some friends of my father's。
　　二、课文主要语言点
　　We have an old musical instrument. instrument，仪器、工具，常和musical搭配，表示乐器。
　　It is called a clavichord. 1)sth. is called ...，...被称作...。 2)clavichord，古钢琴，钢琴的前身，与钢琴不同的是，它是通过羽毛管制作的拨子拨动一根金属丝弦发音的。
　　It was made in Germany in 1861. 1)be made in，在...地方制造。注意区分be made in/of/from/by，参考教材中的额难点说明。 2)注意德国的国名和国人的表达。 3)注意年份的读法。
　　Our clavichord is kept in the living room. be kept in，表示保存在...地方。
　　It has belonged to our family for a long time. belong to，属于，不能用于被动语态。
　　The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. 可提醒学生注意ago的用法，动词一般要用一般过去时形式。
　　Suddenly, someone shouted, "It's two minutes past twelve!
　　The clock has stopped!"
　　此处可复习几点过几分(分钟+past+小时)和几点差几分(分钟+to+小时)的用法。
　　I looked at my watch. It was true. 1)此处的It was true，简短有力，与前面的长句形成对比，起到一定的强调作用。 2)注意提醒学生true的拼写，学生经常拼错为ture。
　　The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. 1)本句话用了拟人的修辞手法，因为refuse和welcome只用于有生命的人或物。refuse后接名词或to do。 2)可补充New Year's Eve(除夕)的表达。
　　Recently it was damaged by a visitor. 注意区分damage/break/destroy/ruin/spoil。前面四个单词的破坏程度从左到右依次增大，spoil侧重的是抽象意义上的破坏或者宠溺，如：Postcards always spoil my holiday. / The boy was spoiled by his mother.
　　She tried to play jazz on it! 注意区分try to do(努力做)和try doing(试着做。
　　She struck the keys too hard and
　　two of the strings were broken.
　　1)此处用strike来表示弹奏，说明弹奏者非常用力。 2)注意区分string(弦线)/rope(粗绳)/thread(针线)。
　　My father was shocked. 本句极为简短，与前面的句子相比，形成鲜明的对照，起到很好的强调作用。shocked，表示震惊。
　　Now we are not allowed to touch it. allow sb. to do sth.，允许某人做某事。
　　It is being repaired by a friend of my father's. 被动语态的进行时对于学生来说比较难理解和掌握，需要仔细讲解。
　　三、读写重点
　　1、可继续强化介绍长句和短句，突出短句的强调作用。
　　2、可对比主动语态和被动语态的表达效果。如：Our clavichord is kept in the living room. vs. We keep the clavichord in the living room.可让学生体会两者的差别，以及作者为什么采用被动语态来表达。

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