历年高考英语阅读理解真题及答案(一):历年高考英语阅读理解真题及答案【6-10】

【#高考# 导语】芬芳袭人花枝俏，喜气盈门捷报到。心花怒放看通知，梦想实现今日事。喜笑颜开忆往昔，勤学苦读最美丽。继续扬鞭再向前，前途无量正灿烂。努力备考，愿你前途无量,考入理想院校。以下是©文档大全网为大家整理的《历年高考英语阅读理解真题及答案【6-10】》 供您查阅。

【第一篇】

　　Chimps(黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food.

　　In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no great effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull at random ---he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.

　　Human children, on the other hand are extremely corporative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate a achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of expensive with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.

　　There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught .but naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence. Develops in children before their general cognitive(认知的)skills, at least when compared with chimps..In tests conducted by Tomtasell, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social world

　　The cure of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t in what Tomasello calls what. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.

　　58. What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?(A)

　　A. Chimps seldom care about others’ interests.

　　B. Chimps tend to provide food for their children.

　　C. Chimps like to take in their neighbors’ food.

　　D. Chimps naturally share food with each other.

　　59. Michael Tomasello’s tests on young children indicate that they____.(A)

　　A. have the instinct to help others

　　B. know how to offer help to adults

　　C. know the world better than chimps

　　D. trust adults with their hands full

　　60. The passage is mainly about ____.(C)

　　A. the helping behaviors of young children

　　B. ways to train children’s shared intentionality

　　C. cooperation as a distinctive human nature

　　D. the development of intelligence in children

【第二篇】

　　El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman sho noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.

　　The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.

　　But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱)in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.

　　The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.

　　Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施)can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道)make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.

　　61. What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?(D)

　　A. It is named after a South American fisherman.

　　B. It takes place almost every year all over the world.

　　C. It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.

　　D. It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.

　　62. What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected?(C)

　　A. Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.

　　B. Droughts become more harmful than floods.

　　C. Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.

　　D. Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.

　　63. The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that(A)

　　A. more investment should go to risk reduction

　　B. governments of poor countries need more aid

　　C. victims of El Nino deserve more compensation

　　D. recovery and reconstruction should come first

　　64. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?(D)

　　A. To introduce El Nino and its origin.

　　B. To explain the consequences of El Nino.

　　C. To show ways of fighting against El Nino.

　　D. To urge people to prepare for El Nino.

【第三篇】

　　Not so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly Ann Francis Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another American teenager without much of a future. However, one person wants to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time were not exactly impressive, but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly Ann a place in his very strict training seasons. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few year later at Jamaica’s Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑).

　　“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Briton, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73--- the fourth record ever.

　　Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann's friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn’t have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn’t afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.

　　It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.

　　But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world’s toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days. “ I have so much fire burning for my country,”Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.

　　As Muhammad Ali puts it, “ Champions aren't made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision.” One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.

　　65. Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?(B)

　　A. He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble.

　　B. He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses.

　　C. She had big problems maintaining her performance.

　　D. She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.

　　66. What did the sprinting world think of Shelly-Ann before the 2008 Olympic Games?(C)

　　A. She would become a promising star.

　　B. She badly needed to set higher goals.

　　C. Her sprinting career would not last long.

　　D. Her talent for sprinting was known to all.

　　67. What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track?( C)

　　A. Her success and lessons in her career.

　　B. Her interest in Shelly-Ann’s quick profit.

　　C. Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty.

　　D. Her early entrance into the sprinting world.

　　68. What can we infer from Shelly-Ann's statement underlined in Paragraph 5?( B)

　　A. She was highly rewarded for her efforts.

　　B. She was eager to do more for her country.

　　C. She became an athletic star in her country.

　　D. She was the envy of the whole community.

　　69. By mentioning Muhammad Ali’s words, the author intends to tell us that_____ .( D)

　　A. players should be highly inspired by coaches

　　B. great athletes need to concentrate on patience

　　C. hard work is necessary in one’s achievements

　　D. motivation allows great athletes to be on the top

　　70. What is the best title for the passage?( A)

　　A. The Making of a Great Athlete

　　B. The Dream for Championship

　　C. The Key to High Performance

　　D. The Power of Full Responsibility

【第四篇】

　　One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink letters.

　　“Is it good?” I asked her.

　　“Yeah,” she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leaned forward.

　　“‘Patty Poem,’” she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:

　　She never puts her toys away,

　　Just leaves them scattered① where they lay,… ①散乱的

　　The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:

　　When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重

　　I’ll miss her harum-scarum③ noise, ③莽撞的

　　And look in vain④ for scattered toys. ④徒劳地

　　And I’ll be sad.

　　A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.

　　“It’s you, honey,” My mother said sadly.

　　To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.

　　“What’s wrong?” my mother asked.

　　“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”

　　She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay?”

　　“Okay,” I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.

　　I have since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem. After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.

　　66. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?( B)

　　A. It was a thick enough book.

　　B. Something on its cover caught her eye.

　　C. Her mother was reading it with interest.

　　D. It has a meaningful title.

　　67. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.( A)

　　A. sad B. excited C. horrified D. confused

　　68. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem” probably because______.( D)

　　A. it reflected her own childhood

　　B. it was written in simple language

　　C. it was composed by a famous poet

　　D. it gave her a hint of what would happen

　　69. It can be concluded from the passage that“Patty Poem”leads the writer to _______.( A)

　　A. discover the power of poetry

　　B. recognize her love for puzzles

　　C. find her eagerness to grow up

　　D. experience great homesickness

【第五篇】

　　Is there link between humans and climate change or not? This question was first studied in the early 1900s. Since then, many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth’s changing atmosphere and set international limits for gas emissions(排放) from 2008 to 2012. Some countries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020. More recently, the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.

　　3.5℃

　　This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions; this rise could still put coastal cities under water and drive over half of all species to extinction.

　　2℃

　　To meet this minimum goal, the Agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets every five years. Even this increase could sink some islands, worse drought(干旱) and drive a decline of up to a third in the number of species.

　　1.5℃

　　This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃ could save them from sinking.

　　0.8℃

　　This is how much temperatures have risen since the industrial age began, putting us 40% of the way to the 2℃ point.

　　0℃

　　The baseline here is average global temperature before the start of the industrial age.

　　70. It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.( D)

　　A. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020

　　B. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countries

　　C. the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto Protocol

　　D. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming

　　71. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?( B)

　　A. The human population would increase by one third.

　　B. Little over 50% of all species would still exist.

　　C. Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.

　　D. The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.

　　72. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be_______.( A )

　　A. 0.8℃ B. 1.5℃

　　C. 2℃ D. 3.5℃

本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/77hX.html