职称英语考试理工a2018答案_2017年职称英语考试理工类阅读理解练习题3

The withdrawal of Nevada’s Yucca Mountain as a potential nuclear waste repository has reopened the debate over how and where to dispose of spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste. In an article in the July 10 issue of Science, University of Michigan geologist Rodney Ewing and Princeton University nuclear physicist Frank von Hippel argue that, although federal agencies should set standards and issue licenses for the approval of nuclear facilities, local communities and states should have the final approval on the siting of these facilities. The authors propose the development of multiple sites that would service the regions where nuclear reactors are located. 　　“The main goal…, should be to provide the Unied States with multiple process that requires acceptance by host communities and states,” the authors write.

　　Ewing and yon Hippel also analyze the reasons why Yucca Mountain, selected by Congress in 1987 as the only site to be investigated for long-term nuclear waste disposal, finally was shelved after more than three decades of often controversial debate. The reasons include the site’s geological problems, management problems, important changes in the Environmental Protection Agency’s standard, unreliable funding and the failure to involve local communities in the decision-making process.

　　Going forward, efforts should be directed at locating storage facilities in the nation’s northeastern, southeastern, midwestern and western regions, and states within a given region should be responsible for developing solutions that suit their particular circumstances. Transportation of nuclear waste over long distances, which was a concern with the Yucca Mountain site, would be less of a problem because temporary storage or geological disposal sites could be located closer to reactors.

　　“This regional approach would be similar to the current approach in Europe, where spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste from about 150 reactors and reprocessing plants is to be moved to a number of geological repositories in a variety of rock types,” said Rodney Ewing, who has written extensively about the impact of nuclear waste management on the environment and who has analyzed safety assessment criteria for the controversial Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository.

　　31. Which of the following words can best substitute the word “withdrawal” in the first paragraph?

　　A. Retirement. B. Canceling. C. Replaced. D. Disposal.

　　32. According to Rodney Ewing and Frand von Hippel, where to locate nuclear facilities

　　A. should be approved by the federal government.

　　B. should be approved by local people and states.

　　C. should be approved by Congress.

　　D. is not an important issue.

　　33. What is NOT true about the 1987 decision by Congress concerning siting of nuclear waste disposal?

　　A. Yucca Mountain was selected as the only site for a nuclear waste repository.

　　B. The selection of Yucca Mountain for nuclear waste disposal caused much controversy.

　　C. The decision by Congress was put aside due to a number of problems.

　　D. The decision by Congress was accepted by local communities.

　　34. What does the author of the essay in the fourth paragraph want to say?

　　A. Efforts should be made to solve the problems of transportation of nuclear waste over long distance.

　　B. Efforts should be made to develop as many nuclear disposal sites in the US as possible.

　　C. Efforts should be made to develop nuclear disposal sites to suit the circumstances of the region.

　　D. Efforts should be made to build up temporary nuclear disposal sites as possible.

　　35. What is meant by “regional approach” as mentioned in the last paragraph?

　　A. Waste disposal sites are located close to reactors and in places suitable for the regional circumstances.

　　B. Geological repositories are located in a variety of rock types.

　　C. Spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste is moved to developing countries.

　　D. Waste disposal sites are located far away from reactors.

答案：BBDCA

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