指示代词的分类及用法
1)指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如:
单数 复数
限定词:This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers.
代 词:This is Mary. Those are my teachers.
2)指示代词的句法功能
指示代词主要有四个,即this, that, these 和 those。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
This is my book.(主语)
I want that.(宾语)
My book is that.(表语)
I like that dress.(定语)
注意:
1. 为避免重复,可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。如:
The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school. (That=the playground)
My seat is next to that of the mayor.(that=mayor's seat) 我的座位在市长座位旁边。
2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时,可用this 或 that,但是若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用 this。如:
--She is a beautiful girl.
--Who said that?
I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点:她美吗?
3. 在打电话时,通常用 this 指自己,用that指对方:
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?
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