职称英语卫生类b级-2017职称英语卫生类B试题及答案解析5

　Holding on to hope may not make patients happier as they deal with chronic illness or diseases, according to a new study by University of Michigan Health System researchers.

　　" Hope is an important part of happiness, "said Peter A. Ubel, M. D. director of the U-M Center for Behavioral and Decision Sciences in Medicine and one of the authors of the happily hopeless study, "but there's a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness. "

　　The results showed that people do not adapt well to situations if they are believed to be shortterm. Ubel and his co-authors-both from U-M and Carnegie Mellon University-studied patients who had new colostomies: their colons were removed and they had to have bowel movements in a pouch that lies outside their body.

　　At the time they received their colostomy, some patients were told that the colostomy was reversible-that they would undergo a second operation to reconnect their bowels after several months. Others were told that the colostomy was permanent and that they would never have normal bowel function again. The second group-the one without hope-reported being happier over the next six months than those with reversible colostomies.

　　"We think they were happier because they got on with their lives. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards," says Ubel, who is also a professor in the Department of Intemal Medicine.

　　"The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed, " he added. "They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn't make the best of their current situation. "

　　"Hopeful messages may not be in the best interests of the patient and may interfere with the patient's emotional adaptation, " Ubel says."I don't think we should take hope away. But I think we have to be careful about building up people's hope so much that they put off living their lives. "

　　1. Chronically ill patients may be happier

　　A. if they keep thinking of their past

　　B. if they believe they'Il recover

　　C. if they put off moving on

　　D. if they manage to get on with their life

　　2. What had happened to the patients under study?

　　A. They had just survived an accident.

　　B. They had just had an operation.

　　C. They had just injured their colons.

　　D. They had just made some pouches.

　　3. One group of the patients was happier because

　　A. they made the best of their current situation

　　B. they were good at playing cards

　　C. they regained normal bowel function

　　D. they were promised another operation

　　4. The other group was not as happy because .

　　A. they accepted their current situation

　　B. they were anxious to get better

　　C. they missed their previous life

　　D. they refused to play cards

　　5. What could be the message of the passage?

　　A. Giving up hope means giving up happiness.

　　B. Letting go of hope is at times a better choice.

　　C. Hope is what makes people on.

　　D. Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness.
　　参考译文及答案：

　　1.D [解析]第二段的最后一句：Sometimes，if hope makes people put off getting on with their life，it can get in the way of happiness.有时候，如果希望使人们不能适应自己的生活，那么希望就会阻碍幸福。也就是说，当人们能适应自己的生活时，就会更幸福。第五段也提到We think they were happier because they got on with their lives.因此选D。

　　2.B [解析]第三段说…studied patients who had new colostomies…colostomy是结肠造口手术。因此B是正确答案。

　　3.A[解析]第五段说觉得幸福的那组"We think they were happier because they got on with their lives."第六段说不幸福的那组"They contrasted their current life with the Iife they hoped to lead，and didn't make the best of their current situation."因此答案应为A。

　　4.B [解析]答案所在段是第六段"The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed,"he added."They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn't make the best of their current situation."由此可见，不幸福的原因是B。

　　5.B [解析]该题目是文章主旨题。本文的中心是说希望不一定都能带来幸福，要能面对现实，适应不幸，才会更幸福。A项civing up hope means glving up happiness.和C项Hope is what makes people move on.都与本文主旨不符。D项Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness中frequently(经常地)使用不当，该命题是错误的。B项Letting go of hope is at timesa better choice.符合本文主题。

　　参考译文

　　密歇根州立大学卫生系统研究人员的一个研究表明，对慢性病人来说，抱有希望或许并不能使病人更快乐。

　　行为与决策医学U-M中心主任，快乐无望研究的作者之一，Peter A.Ubel M.D说："希望是快乐的一个重要部分，但是希望有一个灰暗面。有时候，如果希望使人们不能适应自己的生活，那么希望就会阻碍幸福。"

　　这个结果显示，如果人们认为目前的处境是短期的，人们就不容易适应它。来自卡内基梅隆大学的Ubel和他的合作者研究刚做完结肠造口术的病人发现，他们的结肠被移除，并且他们不得不排便于一个身体外面的袋子里。

　　在他们做结肠造口手术的时候，一些病人被告知这个手术是可逆的--他们将在数月后接受第二次手术，重新建立正常的大便通道。而另外一些病人被告知这个手术是永久的，他们以后将再也没有正常的大便功能。报道称，第二组，就是没有希望的那组，在之后的六个多月里比要做可逆结肠造口手术的那组更快乐。

　　身兼内科医学通讯员教授的Ubel说："我们认为第二组比较快乐是因为他们适应了自己的生活。他们认识到自己手里的牌，并且知道除了玩这些牌没有其他选择余地。"

　　他同时补充道："第一组在等待他们的结肠造口手术被扭转，他们总是拿现在的生活和他们想要的生活作比较，没有很好地适应现在的情况。"

　　Ubel说："希望不一定给患者带来的利益，它可能会干扰患者情绪的适应性，我认为我们不该放弃希望。但是我们在帮助别人建立希望时应该倍加小心，如果希望过大，他们就不能过真正属于自己的生活。"

2017职称英语卫生类B试题及答案解析5.doc

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