美国电影文化介绍英语:美国电影文化介绍

英译：For a long time, the United States only to the film as a means of entertainment to Hollywood as a story and fantasy production factories, so first of all note that the movie business value. However, after 70 years, the American film has been great development in academic research. In 1967, both in Washington and Los Angeles have established the American Film Institute (AFI). Film Archive, throughout the United States, including important ones are the New York Museum of Modern Art, Rochester's Eastman Film Archive, the Library of Congress, Washington, Berkeley Pacific Film Archive. 8 large film company has disintegrated or converting 60 years after the 　　A large number of film and archives donated to the museum and the University Film Studies Center, the study of national film traditions, protect their heritage plays a significant role in the film. 　　By 1900, Hollywood has a post office, a newspaper, a hotel and two markets, its residents number 500. 100,000 population in Los Angeles in the city, 11 kilometers east. In Hollywood and Los Angeles have only a single-track tram. 1902 Hollywood hotel, now known as the first part of the opening. In 1903, here upgraded to the city's 177 voting residents of the right to vote unanimously endorsed by the "Hollywood," named after whom. That year under the two commands are: In addition to pharmacies in other stores outside the prohibition, and no amount of driving in the streets more than 200 cattle. 1904 　　A new so-called Hollywood Avenue streetcar opened, so that between the Hollywood and Los Angeles round-trip time significantly shortened. In 1910, Hollywood residents voted to join the Los Angeles. The reason is so that they can be in Los Angeles drinking water and access to adequate drainage facilities. 　　In 1907, director Francis Burgess led his crew arrived in Los Angeles, filming "Count of Monte Cristo." They found that, where beautiful natural scenery, plenty of light and suitable climate is the natural place for filming. The early 1910s, director David Griffith Biograph company was sent to the West Coast to make a film, he took Lillian Gish, Mary-bi g-fu and other actors came to Los Angeles. They were then looking for a new site, so proceed north, came a warm small town, and that is Hollywood. Biograph company found here in good condition 　　So back to New York before they filmed several movies. Gradually many people in the industry know that invaluable piece of land, to the increasing number of Hollywood movie crew, the U.S. film industry moved to Hollywood's big movement started, Hollywood movies have to be forward. 　　October 1911, a group from New Jersey to film-makers on the ground that under the leadership of the photographer came to a small Inn called Bu Langdu, they will rent the inn converted into a studio look. In this way, they created Hollywood's first film studio - Ernest Pictures. 　　Since then, many film companies settled in Hollywood, the famous film companies: MGM (Metro Goldwyn Mayer, called MGM), Paramount Pictures (Paramount Pictures, Inc.), Twentieth Century Fox (20th Century Fox), Warner Bros. (Warner Brothers), RKO (Radio Keith Orpheum, referred to as RKO), Universal (Universal), United Artists Corporation (United Artists), Columbia Pictures (Columbia Pictures). 　　【中文】 　　关于美国电影 　　长期以来,美国只把电影看作是娱乐手段,把好莱坞当成生产故事和幻想的工厂,因此首先注意影片的商业价值.但是,70年代前后,美国电影学术研究有了很大的发展.1967年,在华盛顿和洛杉矶两地成立了美国电影研究院（AFI）.电影资料馆遍布全美,其中重要的有纽约现代艺术博物馆、罗切斯特的伊斯曼电影数据馆、华盛顿国会图书馆、伯克利太平洋电影资料馆等.8大影片公司于60年代先后解体或转产之后,影片和档案大量捐赠给上述资料馆和各大学的电影研究中心,对研究本国电影传统、保护本国电影文物起着很大作用. 　　二十世纪的好莱坞：到1900年,好莱坞已经有一间邮局、一张报纸、一座旅馆和两个市场,其居民数为500人.10万人口的洛杉矶位于市东11公里处.在好莱坞和洛杉矶间只有一条单轨的有轨电车.1902年,今天的好莱坞酒店的第一部分开业.1903年,此地升格为市,参加投票的177位有选举权的居民一致赞同以“好莱坞”为之命名.当年下的两条命令是：除药店外其他商店禁酒,及不准在街上驱赶数量多于200的牛群.1904年,一条新的被称为好莱坞大街的有轨电车开业,使好莱坞与洛杉矶间的往返时间大大缩短.1910年,好莱坞的居民投票决定加入洛杉矶.原因是这样他们可以通过洛杉矶取得足够的饮水和获得排水设施. 　　1907年,导演弗朗西斯·伯格斯带领他的摄制组来到洛杉矶,拍摄《基督山伯爵》.他们发现,这里明媚的自然风光、充足的光线和适宜的气候是拍摄电影的天然场所.1910年代初,导演大卫·格里菲斯被Biograph公司派到西海岸来拍电影,他带着丽莲·吉许、玛丽·璧克馥等演员来到了洛杉矶.他们后来想寻找一块新的地盘,于是向北出发,来到了一个热情的小镇,那就是好莱坞.Biograph公司发现此地条件不错,于是在回纽约前又陆续拍了好几部电影.渐渐许多业内人士都知道了这块宝地,到好莱坞的电影剧组越来越多,美国电影业移师好莱坞的大转移开始,好莱坞向成为电影之都迈进. 　　1911年10月,一批从新泽西来的电影工作者在当地以为摄影师的带领下,来到一家叫布朗杜的小客栈,他们将租到的客栈改装成一家电影公司的样子.这样,他们创建了好莱坞的第一家电影制片厂——内斯特影片公司. 　　从那以后,许多电影公司在好莱坞落户,的电影公司有：米高梅电影公司（Metro Goldwyn Mayer,简称MGM）、派拉蒙影业公司（Paramount Pictures, Inc.）、二十世纪福克斯公司（20th Century Fox）、华纳兄弟公司（Warner Brothers）、雷电华公司（Radio Keith Orpheum,简称RKO）、环球公司（Universal）、联美公司（United Artists）、哥伦比亚影业公司（Columbia Pictures）.

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