2016年12月英语四级真题,2016年12月英语四级阅读冲刺试题及答案

Section C 　　Directions：There are 2 passages in this section．Each passage isfollowed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each ofthem there are four choices marked A.，B.，C.andD.．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre． 　　Passage One 　　Questions 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage． 　　They say that sticks and stones may break your bones，but words will never hurt you．Yet childhood bullying really can damage your long-term health． Gone are the days when bullying was considered an inevitable and ultimately harmless part of growing up—iust last month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental 　health even into middle age． 　　Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham，North Carolina，and his colleagues have shown that it can have lingering physiological effects too．They tracked 1420 9-year-olds right through their teens．Each child was seen up to nine times during the study and quizzed about bullying．The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein in their blood．CRP is a marker of inflammation(炎症)linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病)and problems like diabetes． 　　“Because we were collecting biological samples throughout，we were able to look at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement．”says Copeland．“This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about．” 　　Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone during adolescence，levels were highest in children who reported being tormented by bullies．Even at the ages of 1 9 and 2 1，children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1．4 times higher than peers who were neither perpetrators nor victims．In a cruel twist，the bullies had the lowest levels of all．suggesting they didn’t suffer the same health risks． They may even see a benefit from their behavior,though Copeland stresses it doesn’t vindicate(辩护)their actions．“The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone else’s expense，”he says． 　　Andrea Danese at King’s College London has previously shown that maltreatment during childhood can lead to higll levels of inflammation in adult life．“This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor,”he says．He suggests that care workers could monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to soothe the stress of being bullied．

　　56．What do you know about CRP? 　　A.It is a symbol of the inflammation． 　　B.It is a symbol of cardiovascular． 　　C. It relates directly to diabetes． 　　D.It is a symbol of physiological effects caused by bullying． 　　57．What does Copeland mean by saying“prior to their bullying involvement”(Line 2，Para．4)? 　　A.Before the children bullied others． 　　B.Before the children were bullied． 　　C.In preference to the children’s bullying behavior． 　　D.In preference to the children’s being bullied． 　　58．What can be learned from paragraph 5? 　　A. The levels of CRP of the children being bullied are much higher than their peers． 　　B. CRP levels naturally rise along with the increase of age． 　　C.The bullies are not blamed for the health risks of the bullied． 　　D. Copeland intends to defend the benefit of the bullies’actions． 　　59．What does Andrea Danese suggest about childhood maltreatment? 　　A. It has nothing to do with inflammation in adult life． 　　B.Copeland’s study shows nothing related to it． 　　C.CRP is the marker of childhood abuse． 　　D. It has an influence on Children’s CRP levels． 　　60．What is the main idea of this passage? 　　A.Bullying is harmless to children’s growth． 　　B.CRP levels reflect the risks of poorer health． 　　C.Bullying does harm to a person all through his life． 　　D.Children once bullied have higher CRP levels than peers who are not． 　Passage Two 　　Questions 61 to65 are based on thefollowingpassage． 　　Here’s a case study for would-be MBAs to consider：the success of H Mart．an international supermarket chain based in New Jersey(the“H”in H Mart stands for Han Ah Reum．which means“one arm full of groceries”in Korean)．Tlle first H Mart opened in Queens，New York in 1982，as a corner shop．Now there are stores in 11 states，Canada and Britain．A new one recently opened in Cambridge． 　　Massachusetts，an affluent city outside Boston． 　　The future looks bright for Asian supermarkets like H Mart．Eamings of Asian-American households outpace the American average．Their spending exceeds all other groups，too，according to Geoscape，a consultancy．And they spend more of their money on groceries than the average America household．But Asian delicacies can be hard to come by：few Americans are likely to see durian or bamboo shoots in their local shop．Some specialty ingredients are only to be found at a premium(高价)in up-market grocery stores，or miles away,in ethnic markets in older Asian neighborhpods． 　　Americans have developed greater appetite for cooking and eating Asian foods，t00．In 2012 non．restaurant sales of Asian foods topped $1．5 billion，according to Mintel Group．a market．research firm．Though Latin foods are a bigger market，the popularity of Asian foods is growing faster．Once strange．seeming imports like seaweed and sashimi are now fashionable eats．Though the rate of growth is expected to fall，sales are likely to keep rising． 　　Yet most Asian grocers have not made efforts to reach new customers，says Jeffrey Cohen，an analyst at IBIS World,an industries watcher．Many shops are located in minority enclaves，and do little to market themselves to other Americans．Cramped car parks and dingy interiors fend off customers used to the bright fluorescence(荧光)of mainstream supermarkets．Ingredients labeled with poorly-translated English Can leave shoppers bamed． 　　A few Asian grocery chains have caught on，opening stores in more diverse suburbs，paying attention to cosmetic niceties(细节)and marketing more widely．Other than H Mart，there are 　　Califomian chains such as 99 Ranch Market and Shun Fat Supermarket，which have been expanding to the American southwest．The former was even featured in a humorous YouTube music vide—“Asians Eat Weird Things”—which has attracted more than 900，000 hits．Those weird things may not seem so weird after all．

　　61.What makes the future ofAsian supermarkets so bright? 　　A.High income and spending ofAsian-AmeriCalls． 　　B. High income ofAsians and unreachable Asian foods in local American shops． 　　C.High expenditures of Asians on grocery． 　　D.Low earnings of the other groups． 　　62．What are the benefits ofAmericans’growing appetite for Asian foods? 　　A. The increasing sales and popularity ofAsian foods． 　　B.The expansion of Latin food market． 　　C.The growing fondness of cooking． 　　D.The AmeriCans’good cooking skills ofAsian foods． 　　63．Whhat are the reasons for the unreachability ofAsian groceries to Americans? 　　A. AmeriCans’dislike to Asian foods． 　　B. Asians’unwillingness to do business with AmeriCans． 　　C. The poor shopping environment and confusing English introduction of the goods． 　　D. Americans’dislike to the English introduction of the goods． 　　64．What do Asian do to develop their groceries? 　　A. Open stores in suburbs and improve shopping environment． 　　B. Market shops to more AmeriCans． 　　C. Make use of the mass media． 　　D.All ofthe above． 　　65．What call be inferred fi'om this passage? 　　A.Asian supermarkets will become more and more popular． 　　B. Latin foods are less popular than Asian foods． 　　C.Americans’incomes are lower than the Asians’． 　　D.H Mart is all American international supermarket chain．

56．What do you know about CRP?关于CRP你知道些什么? A.It is a symbol ofthe inflammation．它是炎症的标志物。 B.It is a symbol ofcardiovascular disease．它是心血管疾病的标志物。 C.It relates directly to diabetes．它与糖尿病有着直接的关系。 D.It is a symbol ofphysiological effects caused by bullyin9．它是欺凌引起的生理效应的标志物。

57．What does Copeland mean by saying“prior to their bullying involvement”(Line 2，Para．4)?柯普兰说的“他们受欺凌之前”是什么意思? A.Before the children bullied others．在孩子欺负别人之前。 B.Before the children were bullied．在孩子受到欺负之前。 C.In preference to the children’s bullying behavior．优先于孩子欺负别人。 D.In preference to the children’s being bullied．优先于孩子受欺负。

58．What can be learned from paragraph 57从第五段可以知道什么? A.The levels of CRP of the children being bullied are much higher than their peers．受欺负小孩的CRP．水平比他们的同龄人要高很多。 B.CRP levels naturally rise along with the increase of age．CRP水平随着年龄的增长而自然上升。 C.The bullies are not blamed for the health risks ofthe bullied．恶霸不需为受欺负小孩的健康风险负责。 D.Copeland intends to defend the benefit of the bullies’actions．柯普兰旨在为恶霸的行为带来的好处辩护。

59．What does Andrea Danese think about childhood maltreatment?安德烈•妲尼斯对儿童虐待有什么看法? A.It has nothing to do with inflammation in adult life．这与成年生过的炎症无关。 B.Copeland’s study shows nothing related to it．柯普兰的研究与其并无关系。 C.CRP is the marker ofchildhood abuse．CRP是儿童虐待的标志物。 D.It has an influence on Children’s CRP levels．它会影响儿童的CRP水平。

60．What is the main idea ofthis passage?本文主旨是什么? A.Bullying is harmless to children’s growth．欺凌对儿童的成长没有伤害。 B.CRP levels reflect the risks ofpoorer health．CRP水平反映了较差健康状况的风险。 C.Bullying does harm to a person all through his life．欺凌会对人的一生造成伤害。 D.Children once bullied have higher CRP levels than peers who are not．受欺负的孩子的CRP水平比没有受到欺负的同龄人高。 61．What makes the future ofAsian supermarkets so bright?什么因素使得亚洲超市的未来一片光明? A.High income and spending ofAsian—Americans．亚裔美国人的高收入及高开支。 B.High income ofAsians and unreachable Asian foods in local American shops．亚洲人的高收入以及美国当地商店买不到的亚洲食品。 C.High expenditures ofAsians on grocery．亚洲人在食物方面的高花销。 D.Low earnings ofthe other groups．其他族群的低收入水平。 　　 62．What are the benefits ofAmericans’growing appetite for Asian foods?美国人越来越喜欢亚洲食品有哪些好处? A.The increasing sales and popularity ofAsian foods．亚洲食品销售量及知名度的增加。 B.The expansion ofLatin food market．拉丁食品市场的扩展。 C.The growing fondness ofcooking．烹饪爱好的增强。 D.The Anlericans’good cooking skills ofAsian foods．美国人烹饪亚洲食物的高超技能。 　　 63．What are the reasons for the unreachability ofAsian groceries to Americans?美国人不去亚洲商店的原因是什么? A.Americans’dislike to Asian foods．美国人不喜欢亚洲食物。 B.Asians’unwillingness to do business with Americans．亚洲人不愿意和美国人做买卖。 C.The poor shopping environment and confusing English introduction of the goods．糟糕的购物环境以及令人困惑的英文商品说明。 D.Americans’dislike to the English introduction ofthe goods．美国人不喜欢商品上的英文说明。 　 64．What do Asian do to develop their groceries?亚洲人怎样发展他们的杂货店? A.Open stores in suburbs and improve shopping environment．在郊区开分店并改善购物环境。 B.Market the shops to more Americans．将商店推销给更多的美国人。 C.Make use ofthe mass media．利用大众传媒。 D.All ofthe above．上述所有。

65．What Can be inferred from this passage?从文中可以推断出什么? A.Asian supermarkets will become more and more popular．亚洲超市会越来越受欢迎。 B.Latin foods are less popular than Asian foods．拉丁食物没有亚洲食品受欢迎。 C.Americans’incomes are lower than the Asians’．美国人的收入比亚洲人低。 D.H Mart is an American international supermarket chain．H Mart是一家美国的国际连锁超市。

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