2018考研英语一冲刺卷答案-2018考研英语冲刺必备:近十年高频短语整理

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【第一篇:经济贸易类】

1.改革产业结构 reform the structure of industries

  2. 亏损企业 loss-making enterprises

  3. 搞活企业 enliven enterprises

  4. 加快现代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive

  5. 跨国公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation

  6. 解放生产力 emancipate/ liberate productivity

  7.振兴国家经济 invigorate our state economy

  8.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round

  9.提高经济效益 improve economic results

  10.宏观经济调控 macro-economic control and management

  11. 经济实力 economic strength

  12. 经营机制 operative mechanism

  13. 整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order

  14. 引进竞争机制 introduce a competitive mechanism

  15. 建立技术密集型企业 set up technologically-intensive enterprises

  16. 招商引资 canvass business and introduce investment

  17. 房地产 real estate

  18. 经济特区 special economic zone

  19. 基础设施 infrastructure facilities

  20. 豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects

  21. 投资热点 investment hot spot

  22. 外向型经济 export-oriented economy

  23. 按劳分配 distribute according to the work performance

  24. 打破平均主义 break / abandon equalitarian

  25. 沿海开放城市 open coastal cities

  26. 国民生产总值 Gross National Product

  27. 扶贫项目 anti-poverty project

  28. 协调发展 coordinate the development

  29. 住房改革 housing reform

  30. 社会保障体系 social security system

  31. 数字时代 digital times

  32. 信息高速公路 the information superhighway

  33. 虚拟社区 virtual communities

  34. 市场萧条 slack market

  35. 假冒伪劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities

  36. 谋取暴力 reap colossal profits

  37. 投诉 lodge complaint

  38. 贸易争端 trade disputes

  39. 乱收费 random charges

  40. 市场疲软 sluggish market

  41. 实行优惠政策 launch a preferential policy

  42. 繁荣市场 flourish the market

  43. 加入世贸组织 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO

  44. 消费者协会 consumer’s association

  45. 消费者购买力 consumer purchasing power

  46. 新兴市场 emerging market

  47. 抑制消费 control / inhibit consumption

  48. 无形资产 intangible assets

  49. 有形资产 tangible assets

  50. 市场占有率 market share

  51. 严重违约 grave breach of contract

  52. 泡沫经济 bubble economy

  53. 品牌效应 brand effect

  54. 企业重组 reshuffle of enterprises

  55. 贸易壁垒 trade barrier

  56. 人才流失 brain drain

  57. 商业炒作 commercial speculation

  58. 扩大内需,刺激消费 expand domestic demand and consumption

  59. 拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

  60. 连锁反应 chain reaction / domino effect

  61. 竞争优势 competitive edge

  62. 经济结构调整 economic restructuring

  63. 经济增长点 economic growth point ; growth engine

  64. 经济过热 overheated economy

  65. 分期付款 installment payment

  66. 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

  67. 不良贷款 non-performing loan

  68. 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy

  69. 脱贫致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity

  70. 资源优化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources

【第二篇:政治类】

71. 不正之风 bad / harmful practice

  72. 霸权主义 hegemonism

  73. 奔小康 strive for a better-off life

  74. 持续发展 sustainable development

  75. 社会主义物质文明 socialist material wellbeing

  76. 社会主义精神文明 socialist culture and ideology

  77. 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

  78. 发展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth

  79. 坚持四项基本原则 uphold the four cardinal principles

  80. 多极化 multi-polarization

  81. 科学技术是第一生产力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.

  82. 机构臃肿 overstaffing in organization

  83. 机构改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining

  84. 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government

  85. 核心竞争力 core competitiveness

  86. 减员增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency

  87. 减轻农民负担 reduce farmer’s burdens; lighten the burden on them

  88. 跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development

  89. 民主集中制 democratic centralism

  90. 讲诚信﹑反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating

  91. 强权外交 power diplomacy

  92. 求同存异 seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones

  93. 综合国力 comprehensive national strength

  94. 滥用权力 abuse one’s power; misuse one’s authority

  95. 廉政建设 build a clean and honest government

  96 思想僵硬 fossilized concept

  97 拜金主义 money worship

  98. 知识产权 intellectual property right

  99. 走后门 get in by the back door / enter by the back door

  100. 贪脏枉法 take bribes and bend the law

  101. 以权谋私 abusing power for money

  102. “一国两制”的原则 the principle of “one country, two systems:”

  103. 全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress

  104. 与国际接轨 synchronize with the world; accord with international norms

  105. 最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living

  106. 养老保险 endowment insurance

  107. 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction

  108. 实事求是 seek truth from facts

  109. 试点工程 pilot project

  110. 战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership

【第三篇:教育科学技术类】

111. 素质教育 quality-oriented education

  112. 启发式教学 heuristic education

  113. 复合型人才 interdisciplinary talent

  114. 九年制义务教务教育 nine-year compulsory education

  115. 德智体美劳全面发展

  all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor education

  116. 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

  117. 人才流失 brain drain

  118. 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament

  119. 学生减负 alleviate the burden on students

  120. 学术交流 academic exchanges

  121. 德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability

  122. 攻读硕士学位 study for a doctoral degree

  123. 文科生 students of liberal arts

  124. 理科生 students of science

  125. 爱国主义教育 education in patriotism

  126. 毕业论文 graduation thesis

  127. 义务教育 compulsory education

  128. 高等教育 higher education

  129. 教育部 Ministry of Education

  130. 世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 word outlook, outlook on life and values

  131. 科教兴国 rely on science, technology and education to rejuvenate the nation

  132. 可持续发展战略 strategy of sustainable development

  133. 技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product

  134. 新兴学科 new branch of science

  135. 边缘学科 frontier science

  136. 电脑病毒 computer viruses

  137. 电子商务 e-commerce; e-business

  138. 数字地球 digital globe

  139. 人工智能 artificial intelligence

  140. 网上犯罪 cyber crime

  141. 信息高速公路 information highland

  142. 网民 netizen

  143. 虚拟现实 virtual reality

  144. 基因工程 genetic engineering

  145. “神舟六号”载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou VI

  146. 网络经济 cyber-economy

  147. 网虫 netter; Internet geek

  148. 网恋 cyber romance; virtual romance

  149. 科技扶贫 support poor areas using technology

  150. 科研攻关 work towards key technological breakthroughs

【第四篇:文化社会生活类】

151. 彩票 lottery ticket

  152. 保健食品 health-care food

  153. 暴发户 new rich; upstart

  154. 下岗工人 laid-off workers

  155. 人口老龄化 aging/ graying population

  156. 人口高峰 baby boom

  157. 人口负增长 negative population growth

  158. 再就业工程 re-employment project

  159. 自由职业者 free lancer

  160. 性别歧视 sexual discrimination

  161. 性价比 cost performance

  162. 水货 smuggled goods

  163. 文化渗透 cultural infiltration

  164. 跳槽 job-hopping

  165. 公益广告 public-interest advertisement

  166. 出国热 craze for going abroad

  167. 社会福利制度 the social welfare system

  168. 享受公费医疗 enjoy public health care

  169. 世界卫生组织 World Health Organization (WHO)

  170. 吸毒者 a drug addict

  171.传销 pyramid-selling; multi-level marketing

  172. 流动人口 moving population

  173. 黄昏恋 twilight love

  174. 贺岁片 New Year film

  175. 记者招待会 press/ news conference

【第五篇:环境法律医疗类等】

176. 温室效应 green-house effect

  177. 沙漠化 desertification

  178. 过度放牧 overgrazing

  179. 过度捕鱼 over-fishing

  180. 滥砍乱伐 clear-cutting

  181. 退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest

  182. 沙尘暴 sand storm

  183. 生态危机 ecological forest

  184. 破坏生态平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance

  185. 自然保护区 nature reserve

  186. 环境绿化 environmental greening

  187. 禽流感 bird flu

  188. 疯牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE

  189. 口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

  190. 非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

  191. 偷税﹑骗税 tax evasion and tax fraud

  192. 扫黄打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications

  193. 严打斗争 strike-hard campaign

  194. 公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序

  a new and rational new international political and economic order

  195. 外交纷争 diplomatic disputes

  196. 维护世界和平 safeguard world peace

  197. 国际惯例 international common practice

  198. 民族分裂主义 ethnic separatism

  199. 宗教极端主义 religious extremism

  200. 世界的基本格局 basic world pattern

2018考研英语冲刺必备:近十年高频短语整理.doc

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