英文商业报告常用短语-表达转折篇 泛瑞翻译 所谓转折,就是与前文意思相反或者与人们的预期不同。转折句子的重点在于表达相反的意思。先看两个文字相同,只是顺序不同的转折句子: 1. Although we've known each other for a long time, we are not very good friends. (We might be expected to be good friends following a long acquaintance, but have not become so.) 意思是,我们经过这么多年,本来应该成为好朋友的,但实际没成啊。 2. Although we are not very good friends, we've known each other for a long time. (It might be expected that because we are not good friends, we've only known each other for a short time, not long enough to form a friendship. In fact, that's not the case.) 意思是,尽管我们不是多要好的朋友,但我们认识这么多年了。 看出区别了吗? 这两个句子强调的都是后半句,第一句强调的是我们不是好朋友;第二句强调的是我们认识这么多年了。具体采用哪一句,就看上下文的需要了。 假想这么一个场景, 菜市场里A在卖菜,B在买菜,B要砍价, B: Although we are not very good friends, we've known each other for a long time…. 尽管我们不是好朋友,但好歹认识这么多年了(后续能便宜点不?)。 A: Although we've known each other for a long time, we are not very good friends. 尽管我们认识这么多年了,但我们可不是好朋友(咱们就是一般认识,不能便宜)。 当然生活中没人这么说话,但是在书面英文,特别是在讲究逻辑性的商业报告以及学术论文里,要注意莫偏离想表达的意思。 Although和though在引领句子的时候,可以互换,但Although更书面、更正式,而且从不会出现在句子末尾(though出现在句子末尾,之前要用,号隔开)。所以在报告里用although就好了。另外,注意若使用这两个词的话,后面就不要再用but了,这是常见错误,一定要避免。 Although前面还可以加上Even,表示更强烈地与预期不符。 其他表达转折的用法还有: In spite of/ Despite (the fact that)… 这两个短语基本可以互换,职场人为了提高效率,少打点字,用Despite就可以。另外,商业报告和论文,用不含反抗、叛逆语气、更中立的Despite也更合适。下面2个句子体会一下, 1. In spite of the roommate's party, Sarah went out for lunch. Sarah没参加室友的party,出去吃午饭了。(暗示Sarah没准和室友不对付) 2. Despite the roommate's party, Sarah went out for lunch. Sarah出去吃午饭了,没参加室友的party。(没啥特别的,Sarah就没出现在party上) …. However,… However用在句子各处都可以,但要注意前后格式以及标点,比如下面这几个句子意思一样: 1. However, the lecture DOES cover a lot of information while still not explaining the main subject. 2. The lecture DOES cover a lot of information; however it still doesn't explain the main subject. 3. The lecture, however, does cover a lot of information while still not explaining the main subject. 4. While the lecture does contain a lot of information, it still doesn't explain the main subject. 这个讲演,虽然包含很多信息,但还是没解释主题啊。 …. Nevertheless(Nonetheless),… 这两个词非母语人士一般很少能想起来用,那就干脆不用了。 Nonetheless一般表达数量、程度上的转折,从none也能看出来。Nevertheless和其他表示转折的类似,可认为相当于but。 1. He really botched it tonight. I love him nonetheless. 他今晚确实搞砸了。我不再爱他了。(程度变了) 2. It could be dangerous. Nevertheless, I've got to try. 那会有危险,但我必须试。('ve got to do = have to do) …. In contrast (on the contrary/Contrastingly),… 这个短语增加了对照的意思,在报告里会比较常见,经常会对比个数据什么的。注意其前后比较的尽量是一类事物。 我们最熟悉、最常用、最会用的就是but,不过报告里用多了but,会让人感觉作者词汇贫乏,行文单调,看起来差点意思。 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/0143131e33d4b14e8424689d.html