1. 图表及图表类型 1)图表：chart, graph, diagram； 2)各类图表：表格：table；柱形图：barchart 或column chart；饼形图：piechart； 线形图：linechart 或curve chart； 2. 表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 1) “数字数据”相关 (1) the number of sth. (2) data, statistics, figures (3) hundred, thousand, million, billion (4) around, over, appropriately 2) 表达“上升” (1)常见词汇 increase → (名词形式increase ) rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) go up 注意以下短语数量上的区别： increase by +数字上升到... increase to +数字上升了... reach to +数字达到... (2)其他词汇 climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃，剧增 rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 (3) 地道表达 double, triple 3) 表达“下降” (1) 常见词汇 decrease (名词形式decrease ) drop (名词形式drop) fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) decline (名词形式decline ) go down (2)其他词汇 plunge: fall steeply 跳水，猛跌 plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉，沉没 dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 4) 表达“波动” fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) go up and down rise and fall 5) 表达“保持平稳” remain stable (或 remain constant) level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) 3.描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) 1) 变化快、剧烈、明显 dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable 2) 变化慢、微弱、不明显 slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady 4.常用短语：“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” 1) v. + adv. decline slowly grow dramatically fluctuate sharply 2) adj. + n. a slow decline a dramatic growth a sharp fluctuation a slight increase a significant increase 3) on a +adj.+ n 例如：如上述柱形图所示，过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达： 1）As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has grow dramatically in the past two decades. 2）As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been on a dramatic growth in the past two decades. 画图作文和图表作文是考研英语作文的命题趋势，有预测今年图表作文必考率很高，大家可要早点准备，掌握破解秘钥。下面新东方在线从五个方面：出题形式、写作要领、写作步骤、篇章结构和模板来帮大家破解图表作文。 一、出题形式 例1题目：Changes in People's Diet Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to: 1.state the changes in people's diet(饮食)in the past five years; 2.give possible reasons for the changes; 3.draw your own conclusions. You should quote as few figures as possible. 例2题目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton City Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline; 1.Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph; 2.Possible reason(s)for the decline of car accidents in the city; 3.Your predictions of what will happen this year. Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible. 例3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions(given in Chinese)： 1. 以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命(life expectancy)和婴儿死亡率(infant mortality)的变化情况 2. 说明引起变化的各种原因 从以上例子可见，图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们： 1)用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势; 2)就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。 二、写作要领 图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。 三、写作步骤 写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤： 1) 认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系; 2) 确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据; 3) 编列文章的提纲; 4) 根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡; 5) 检查与修改。 四、篇章结构 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/10a954e687c24028905fc30c.html