过去式、过去分词、现在分词变化 规则及练习

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动词过去式和过去分词、现在分词的变化规则



一.动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 (一)规则变化

一般在动词原形后加-ed look call open --

-e结尾的动词加-d move hope agree like arrive share -- 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变yi 再加-ed study carry try---- 以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed play enjoy stay

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop plan step

(二)不规则变化 -----可分为五种情况

1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。如 cut hit hurt put let shut costset

2过去式与过去分词完全同形。 find pay leave lend meet keep lose teach 3.动词原形与过去分词同形 come run become

4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。如 giveflydrink see

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5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式

burn burned burnt burned burnt learn learned learnt learned learnt

Smell smelled smelt smelled smelt

lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,lie lied, lied(说谎) lie lay, lain(躺,位于)

hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种 hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑) hang hung, hung(挂,吊) 二、 过去式和过去分词及发音

1. ed在清辅音音素后 发音为〔t〕,

2. 在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d] 3. -ed在〔t]、〔d 后发音为[id] 三、现在分词的变化规则

1 一般在动词原形词尾加-ing play carry go playing carrying going 2以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing take write leave taking writing leaving

3.重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ing stop fit begin forget cutting stopping fitting beginning forgetting

4.ie结尾的动词,要把ie改为y再加-ing lie die tie lying[dying tying

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练习:写出下列动词的过去式和现在分词

push move cross spend finish rain travel arrive cut put shut go have come hurt mind visit notice try smile count hear copy meet take make stand fight light tell cut set be kick like knock show wash hurry wake

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think hold look open try bring hit do see give post stay buy sit meet pull have play

pay play turn share listen cry carry stop move study eat count

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