动词过去式及过去分词变化规则

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动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

I.?规则变化

1. ? 一般情况直接加 ed,女口 ask asked,?work worked

2. ?以不发音的 e 结尾,只加 d,女口 love loved,?danee danced 3. ?以辅音字母加 y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,女口 try tried,?study

studied

4. ? 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词 以重读闭音节或 r 音节结

, , ed, stop

stopped ,?permit permitted

注:A.?I结尾的动词尾音节重读时双写I,control con trolled;

尾音节不重读时

双不双写都可以,如

travel traveled ?/travelled ?

B. ?特例:pic nic pic nicked pic ni cked 去野餐,traffic trafficked trafficked

(交易在…通行)另外还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的

需要熟记.C. ?读音与说明

.-ed 在清辅音音素后发音为[t]:?helped,?liked,?fi ni shed,?fetched,?stopped,?c lap ped .-ed



[d]:?believed,?changed,?planned,?preferred,?followed,?stayed

.-ed [t][d]?后发音为[id]:?wanted,?needed,?admitted,?permitted?

不规则动词表 :

1 AAA 型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)

cost (花cost cost shut shut

shut



cut 费)







割) cut cut spit spit/spat

spit/

hitspat

hurt 伤害) hurt hur 打) hit hit

let



让)

let let

put t

(放) put put









(读) read read



read 2 AAB 型(动词原形与过去式同形)

beat (跳动) beat beaten 3 ABA 型(动词原形与过去分词同形)

become (变成) became become awake awoke awoken

come (来) came come

run (跑) ran run 4

ABB

型(过去式与过去分词同形)

dig (挖) dug dug build built built get 得到) got got/gotten catch caught caught



hang

(吊

hanged hanged deal dealt dealt hang 死)(悬挂)



hung hung feed fed fed hold (抓住) held held

find found found

shine (照耀)

shone shone forbid forbade/forbad forbidden

sit (坐) sat sat pay paid paid win (赢) won won

send sent sent meet

(遇见) met met shoot shot shot keep (保

持)

kept kept

tell told told sleep (睡) slept slept

win won won sweep (扫) swept swept

feel (感觉) felt

felt

见后

II.








smell (闻) smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled leave (离开) left left lend

lent lent 借出)



build send lose

learn

(建设) built built (传送)

sent sent

spend (花费) spent spent burn (燃烧) burnt burnt

(丢失) lost lost

mean (意思是) meant meant catch teach taught taught bring ht

think (想) thought thought hear sell 卖) sold sold

say (说) said said

(教)

(战斗) fought fought buy

learnt learnt

(抓住) caught caught

brought broug

(学习) (带来) (买)

bought bought heard heard



tell find make understand

have/has 有) had had

(听见) (告

told told

诉)

(找found found 到)

制造) made made

明白 understood understood

stand (站) stood stood

5 ABC 型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形) begin (开began begun take (取) took taken



drink ringsing blowdraw

始)

(喝) drank drunk 铃响) rang rung (唱) sang sung

mistake ride do write

(弄错) mistook mistaken (骑) rode ridden 做) did done (写) wrote written (去) went gone

swim 游泳) swam swum

吹) blew blown go (画) drew drawn

lie see wear

(平躺) lay lain (看见) saw seen (穿) wore worn

(是) was, were been

fly (飞) flew flown grow 生长) grew grown know 知道) knew known throw

be am, is, are

(投

threw thrown show

掷)

break (打broke broken choose

破)

forget (忘记) forgot forgotten forgot

(出示) showed shown (选择) chose chosen

bore borne/born

speak

说,讲) bear spoke spoken

draw drew drawn

dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed hide hid hidden

wake (醒) woke woken dream drive (驾驶) drove driven eat

吃) ate eaten

fal(落下) fell fallen

l (给) gave given give rise

(升高)

lay laid

laid lie lied lied lie lay lain see saw seen steal stole stolen

放置

撒谎

rose risen shaken

shake shook can -- could

may---might will---would shall---should must -- must




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