. 英语中表示原因的几种方式 玉门油田外国语高级中学 刘发强 735019 英语是词汇量非常丰富的语言之一， 一般通过其丰富的词汇表达丰富的思想，在表示原因的方式上，主要有以下几种： 一 从属连词because/ as /since /和并列连词for. 如： I did it because they asked me to do it. 我做了这件事是因为他们请我做的。 As it was raining ,you’d better take a taxi .天在下雨，你最好乘出租车去。 Since we have no money ,we can’t buy it. 我们没有钱，所以我们没法买。 I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her .我请她留下来喝茶，因为我有点事要告诉她。 解析：1.这四词语气逐级递减。2.because 表示直接的原因或理由，重点在从句，常译为“因为”；since 表示对方已知，无需说明的既成事实，中心句在主句，常译为“既然”；as 表示明显的原因，重点在主句，常译为“由于” ；for是个并列连词，只能放在另一 个并列句后面，表示一种推理或解释，或用作附加说明，并不指理由或原因，一般不放在句首，常译为“因为”，“其理由是”（for表示因果关系时可以同because交替使用，但for前须用逗号，而because则不必。 二 介词和介词短语 1. 介词with/for/at/of/from/over 这类介词所表达的原因是暗含的，汉译时不一定译出。如： She was shivering with cold .她冷得发抖。 He was very angry at losing it . 他把它丢了，很生气。 We jumped for joy. 我们高兴得跳了起来。 She couldn’t speak for laughing .她笑得说不成话。 He came of his own accord. 他是自愿来的。 Many old people died from the smog. 许多老人死于烟雾污染。 It is no use crying over spilt milk .覆水难收。 2. 介词短语：英语中有大量的介词短语表示原因，以下是一些常见的例子： on account of something/on this/that account We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather .因为天气恶劣，我们推迟了行程。 because of They are her because of us. 他们到这儿来是因为有我们。 by reason of He was excused by reason of his age .他因为年龄关系而被原谅 。 as a result of The flight was delayed as a result of fog..航班因雾而晚点。 for fear of They are afraid to speak for fear of making errors. 他们不敢讲话是因为害怕出错。 三 分词（形容词，副词）+as 从句或分词结构直接作原因状语 如： Tired as he was ,we decided not to disturb him. 因为他累了，我们决定不去打扰他。 Hard as he studied, he passed the test with ease . 由于学习刻苦，他很容易地通过了测试。 Being ill，she didn’t go to school. 由于有病，她没去上学。 Having worked among the peasants for many years, he know them well . 由于在农民中工作多年，他对他们很了解。 Led by the party, we are marching from victory to victory .在党的领导下，我们正从一个胜利走向另一个. . 胜利。 注意：不要把第1，2 两个例子的句式与让步状语从句相混淆。如果把这两个句子中的形容词或副词移到分词之后，就很容易看出他们表示原因，而让步状语从句中的形容词或副词移至分词末尾时则句意不合逻辑。 四 动词不定式（一般放在谓语动词之后）如： The old workers shudder to think of his miserable life in pre-liberation days . 老工人们一想到解放前的悲惨生活就不寒而栗。 I am sorry to hear that. 到这个我很伤心。 五 非限定性定语从句 如: They both went softly into the bedroom, where the baby was sleeping in a cradle . 他们两个轻手轻脚地走进卧室，因为孩子正在那儿的摇篮中熟睡。 The old couple was proud of their grandson, who won 3 medals at the 27th Olympic Games . 老俩口为孙子感到骄傲，因为他在第26届奥运会上获得三枚奖牌。 . 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/2c6e220f747f5acfa1c7aa00b52acfc789eb9fe8.html