英语中形容词和副词变化规则

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英语中形容词和副词表示“比较”和“最”这样的概念时,采用比较级和最高级形式表示。 表示两者之间的比较用比较级,表示三或者三者以上的比较用最高级。

一.对于单音节词和部分双音节词比较级和最高级的变法,1.一般情况直接加-er,或-est.

2.e结尾的加-r-st. 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y i再加-er .以辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节结尾的,双写末尾字母在加-er-est.

二.大多数双音节词和多音节词,在其前加moremost. 三.不规则词:

good-better-best,well-better-best,little-less-least,much-more-most,many-more-most,bad-worse-worst,badly-worse-worst,ill-worse-worst,far-farther-farthest, far-further-furthest,old-elder-eldest

四.特殊情况:

1.单音节词按多音节词变化:tired-more tired-most tired, glad-more glad-most glad, right-more

right-most right, pleased-more pleased-most pleased, real-more real-most real

2.既可以按单音节词也可以按多音节词变化:clever-cleverer-cleverest, clever-more clever-most clever,

cold-colder-coldest, cold-more cold-most cold, friendly-friendlier-friendliest, friendly-more friendly-most friendly, often-oftener-oftenest, often-more often-most often

3.双音节词按单音节变化:

pretty-prettier-prettiest,ugly-uglier-ugliest,hungry-hungrier-hungriest,lonely-lonelier-loneliest,healthy-healthier-healthiest,early-earlier-earliest,easy-easier-easiest,heavy-heavier-heaviest,dirty-dirtier-dirtiest,curly-curlier-curliest,lazy-lazier-laziest, cloudy-cloudier-cloudiest, sleepy-sleepier-sleepiest.

4.双音节按多音节变化: crucial-more crucial-most crucial, special-more special-most special,

anxious-more anxious-most anxious, slowly-more slowly-most slowly, quietly-more quietly-most quietly, careful-more careful-most careful, helpful-more helpful-most helpful, pleasant-more pleasant-most pleasant, exciting-more exciting-most exciting.

比较级的运用:1.句中用到than. 2.句中明显提到两个对象,

3.同一个人在不同的时刻或者地点进行比较。 and more:比较级+and +比较级。

4.句中用到much, far, evena little, a lot等后边的形容词或副词要用比较级形式. 5. The harder you study, the more knowledge you can learn. :the+比较级,the +比较级

=like better更喜欢,Prefer to+动词原形: 宁愿,更喜欢 preferto=like better than:喜欢…胜过

Prefer to+动词原形rather than动词原形:宁愿做某事,而不愿意做某事=would ratherthan

...as 之间跟形容词或副词的原级,not so/as as

最高级的运用:1.三者或者三者以上的比较,形容词最高级前要加定冠词the,副词最高级前可以不加the, 但是前边有形容词性物主代词,所有格形式修饰时则不用The 2. 句中用到短语of all时,句中用到形容词和副词也考虑用最高级形式, 3. one of +the +形容词最高级形式+复数名词(ones 这类似词语本身就是表示最的词语,无需再用最高级




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