序号 1 Capital 资金 goods/materials that are used for the production of other items. Not consumed in their own right. 用于生产其他物品的货物/材料。而不是自己消耗。 2 3 Consumption Using up goods/services.使用商品/服务。 Consumer Goods goods that are wanted because they provide satisfaction to their owner. 因为能让主人满意而被需要的商品。 4 5 6 Demerit Goods goods that are perceived to have a negative impact/effect on society/individuals. Economic Rent Economy [租赁] 经济租金 Total value of goods & services produced & exchanged within a country. 一个国家内生产和交换的货物和服务的总值。 7 8 9 10 Enterprise risk taking & decision making in business商业中的风险和决策 Factors of Production land, labour, capital, enterprise.土地，劳动力，资本，企业。 Fixed Capital capital goods that do not need replacing in the short term (machinery, tools, buildings).短期内不需要更换的资本货物(机械、工具、建筑)。 Free Goods goods that require no resources to make (wind, sunshine). 不需要任何资源来制造的商品(风、阳光)。 11 Goods items produced by the factors of production (usually for economic gain). 由生产要素生产的物品(通常是为了经济利益)。 12 13 14 15 16 Labour the human effort (mental & physical) required to produce something.生产某物所需的人力(脑力和体力)。 Land the land we use/build on & resources that are contained in the land and water.我们使用/建造的土地和包含在土地和水中的资源。 Markets Place where goods & services are exchanged - (may be visible or invisible).交换商品和服务的地方(可以是有形的，也可以是无形的)。 Merit Goods goods that are perceived to provide positive externalities (beneficial to society)被认为具有正外部性(对社会有益)的商品 Needs requirements for continued existence (food, clean water, shelter) 继续生存的需求(食物、清洁水、住所) 17 18 Opportunity Cost the cost of the next best alternative.下一个最佳选择的成本。 Production Possibility Curve a curve that represents possible output if the factors of production are used efficiently. Also known as the 'opportunity cost curve' as it can be used to show the opportunity cost of producing different products/quantities). 如果生产要素得到有效利用，表示可能产出的曲线。也被称为“机会成本曲线”，因为它可以用来显示生产不同产品/数量的机会成本)。 19 Public Goods good provided by the government (paid for through taxes) that everybody benefits from (street lighting). 由政府提供(通过税收支付)，每个人都受益于(街道照明)。 20 21 Resources items that are needed/ useful for consumption or the production of other items.用于消费或生产其他物品的物品。 Scarcity 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/7d5017386337ee06eff9aef8941ea76e59fa4a0c.html