祈使句专项解说 1.1 定义 用于表达意向、 命令、恳求、劝说、警示、严禁等的句子叫做祈使句, 祈使句最常用于表达命令, 所以在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以往常都省略。祈使句 的动词都为一般此刻时,句末则使用句号或叹息号来表示结束,读时用降调。例: Go and wash your hands. (去洗你的手。——命令) Be quiet, please. ( Please be quiet. ) (请寂静。——恳求) (对姊妹要和蔼。——劝说) Be kind to our sister. Look out ! Danger ! (当心!危险!——激烈警示) 1.2 观点口诀 祈使句无主语,主语 you 常省去; 动词原形谓语当,句首加 don't 变否认; 朗诵应该用降调,句末常标叹息号。 1.3 表现形式 一定句 请这边坐。 1. Do 型 ( 即:动词原形 (+ 宾语 )+ 其余成分 ) 。如: Please have a seat here. 有的祈使句在乎思明确的状况下,动词可省略。如: 请这边走。 please. This way, please. = Go this way, 要做一个好孩子 ! 让我来帮你。 2. Be 型 ( 即: Be + 表语 ( 名词或形容词 )+ 其余成分 ) 。如: Be a good boy! 3. Let 型 ( 即: Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其余成分 ) 。如: Let me help you. 否认句 1. Do 型和 Be 型的否认式都是在句首加 Don't be late for school! don't 组成:如: Don't forget me! Don't be 不要忘掉我! 有行为动词的就 上学不要迟到! 是系表构造——也就是没有行为动词可是有形容词的那种——使用 不可以这么用,只好用 Don't 2. Let 语 型的否认式有两种:“ Don't + let + 动词原形 其余成分”。如: 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其余成分”和“ Let + 宾 别让他走。 3. 有些可用 no 开头 , 用来表示严禁性的祈使句。如: No smoking! 严禁抽烟! No fishing! 禁 止垂钓! 1.4 练习 一、将以下汉语翻译成英语。 1. 请照看好您的包。 ___________________. 2. 让我们去学校吧! ___________________! 3. 严禁在书上写字! ___________________! 4. 不要把书放这儿。 ___________________. 5. 不要让猫进来。 ___________________. 二 . 选择填空 ( )1 .Her doctor said: “ ________ work so hard ” B Don ’ t C Can ’ t D No ( A Stop ’ clock )2. Jack, ________ to be here at 8 o A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure ( ) when you cross the road. A Do care B Care C Be careful ( D To be careful )4. ________him the secret. ( A Don’t tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling )5. ________ in bed. It ’s bad for your eyes. A Not to read B Don ’t read C Don ’t to read D Not read ( )6. ________ Your child. We ’ ll look after him. A Not to worry about B Don ’t worry about C Not worry for D Don ’t worry with ( ) are very tired. ________ a rest. A Not have B Do not have C Be have D Have ( )8 _____ in the street. It ’ s dangerous. B. Not to play C. Don ’t play D. Don ’ t to play ( A. Not play ) 9 ______ tell a lie. A Be B Not C No D Don ’ ( t ) ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard. A not B don ’t C aren ’t D can ’t ( )11. Please ______ me some money. A. lend B. lending C. to lend ( D. be lend ) 12 ______ go to the bookshop. A Let ’s B Don ’t let they C Let we D No let me ( )13 When you watch a film, please ________. A quiet B be quiet C be quietly ( D quietly )14. _____ the boxes. You may use them later. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept ( ) up early tomorrow! A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Got 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/9b6e6718a5c30c22590102020740be1e650eccda.html