同位语从句 【教法探析】 主语从句 → 主语 表语从句 → 表语 名词性从句 宾语从句 →宾语 同位语从句 → 同位语 一、定义 同位语从句the Appositive clause 在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。 二、功能: 同位语从句对名词进一步解释、说明名词的具体内容。 三、用法: 1.常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason/thought/order/doubt/news/hope/truth/belief/theory/decision/ discovery/ problem/evidence/opinion... 2. 连词 that/ whether/who/ which/ what /when/where/why/how 四、概述 1. 同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。 The news that I have passed the exam is true. （同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。） The news that he told me just now is true． （定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）2. 常见引导词 英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。）如： I have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered. I gave the girl a big doll, exactly what she longed to have. 3.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。 如： Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them． 几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 4.同位语从句与定语从句的区别 (1)同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。 (2)引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。 【学法引导】 一、同位语从句的表现形式 1. 由that引导 The fact that you haven’t enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable. The hope that he may come here is not gone yet. 2.由whether引导 The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. 3. 由when引导 I have no idea when they will go. 二、 有时可用 namely (即), that is to say (也就是说), in other words (换句话说), that is (那就是), for example 等引出同位语, 说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。 He told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all. There is only one way of improving your English , that is, to practice more. 三、 同位语从句与定语从句的区别: 同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆,我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们: 1. 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词; 定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。 We express the hope that they will come to visit China again. (同位语从句) Those who want to go please sign their names here. (定语从句) 2. 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系； 定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。 The news that they won the match is true. (同位语从句, news和从句没有逻辑关系) The news that you told us yesterday is true. (定语从句, news是told的逻辑宾语) 3. 同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when, where, who, whether等引导; 定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。 Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed. Do you know the place where he was born? 4. 引导同位语从句的连词不可省略; 引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。 The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true. The news (that) he told me is exciting. 5. 同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子, 谓语动词用be的不同形式。 He heard the news that their team had won. 此句可以变为一个表语从句: The news was that their team had won. 【模拟练习】 1. ( ) A story goes _____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/accaf7c49989680203d8ce2f0066f5335a816727.html