名词复数的加法和动词三种形式加法

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名词复数的加法:

1. 直接加s 如:balls boys birds students teachers officers drivers 2. 词尾辅音字母加 y ies

story stories baby babies factoryfactories secretary secretaries 3. 词尾为s x ch sh + es 如:glasses boxes watches dishes brushes 4. Nigroes , heroes ,potatoes , tomatoes 其余的o结尾+ s

5. 词尾为f ves 如:shelf shelves leaf leaves handkerchief handkerchiefs/ves 词尾为-feves 如: knifeknives lifelives wifewives 但:roofs 屋顶 chiefs首领 proofs证据 serfs农奴 gulfs海湾 特殊

foot tooth bison sheep deer Chinese man woman (German) child mouse ox feet teeth bison sheep deer Chinese men women ( Germans) children mice oxen

牙齿 野牛 绵羊 鹿 中国人 男人 女人 德国人 孩子 老鼠 公牛

名词所有格

有生命的所有格构成:名's -s' girl's children's man's boss' the smiths'

无生命物体名词所有格:of + 名词 a leg of the chair , the gate of our school 特殊:the key to the door

用法: 1. 可带名词。China's population This is Lucy's cat. 2. 也可不带名词 This cat is Lucy's.

3. 表示节日: Children's Day Women's Day Teachers' Day April Fools Day 4. twenty minutes' walk a twenty-minute walk two months' holiday a two-month holiday 5. 表示共同拥有: Lucy and Lily 's father 表示各自拥有: Lucy 's and Lily 's hands 6. 表示地点: at the doctor's 在诊所 go to the barber's 去理发店

注意:1the + 姓的复数表示一家人: the Reads , the Smiths 作主语时谓语用复数 2 带有连接符号的作定语的名词不能加ses some 16-year-old boys , 3、作定语的名词一般不用复数形式 two banana trees some girl students a man teacher two men teachers ,

a woman teacher three women doctors



修饰可数名词和不可数名词: some

any

只修饰可数名词复数: many few

只修饰不可数名词: much little

a little= a bit of a great deal of a large amount of the amount of

lots of = a lot of a few large quantities of a number of a large quantity of a large number of plenty of

the number of

a mass of = masses of



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动词一般现在时第三人称单数的变化规则 (动词三单式)

1. 一般在动词结尾直接加s

help --- helps climb --- climbs talk --- talks sing --- sings lives stays

2. s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词加es

guess --- guesses teach --- teaches watch --- watches wash --- washes wish--- wishes go---goes do---does

3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词, yi, es

study --- studies hurry --- hurries carry--- carries try --- tries fly --- flies

4.特殊: have- has be- is

动词现在分词变化规则 doing形式) 1. 一般在动词结尾直接加 ing

helphelping climb--- climbing sing--- singing looklooking gogoing listen--- listening buy---buying stay--- staying fly flying 2. 去掉词尾不发音的 e ing

take --- taking come --- coming shave --- shaving givegiving type-- typing shineshining live --- living arrive--- arriving ( 但:seeing being )

3. 重读闭音节 ,一元音字母 + 一辅音字母 结尾的,双写这个辅音字母 后加 ing

runrunning sitsitting putputting shut shutting swimswimming getgetting set setting dropdropping stopstopping shop -- shopping hit hitting plan planning step- stepping beginbeginning

4. 特殊3个:lie 躺,位于,说谎) lying die - dying tie系上帮上 tying

规则动词的过去式过去分词的加法

1. 一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed

worked talked walled played stayed wanted watched washed needed

2.以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d

liked lived typed shaved moved raised decided

3.以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed

study--studied carry-- carried hurryhurried try-- tried copy--copied cry-- cried

4. 重读闭音节 ,一元音字母 + 一辅音字母 结尾的,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed

stopped begged dropped planned dripped 使滴下 dropped 丢下,扔下;降低

stepped preferred



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写出下列动词的三单式、现在分词,过去式和过去分词 1. stand 2. sit 3.bring 4. take 5. come 6go 7. leave 8. run

不可数名词

液体、饮料 water tea

coffee Scotch Whisky wine beer milk butter honey orange 橘子汁 lemonade 柠檬汽水 oil soup汤水 salt jam

soy sauce 酱油 vinegar sugar

肉类

meat beef 牛肉 lamb 羔羊肉 steak 牛排 mince 肉馅 chicken 鸡肉 fish 鱼肉 duck 鸭肉 pork 猪肉

pork ribs 猪排骨)

9. look 10. see 11.find 12. feel 13. borrow 14. lend 15. keep 16. carry 17.have 18. help 19. give 20.know 21. get 22. buy 23. sell 24. turn 25. put 26. ask 27. tell 28. say 29. speak 30. talk 31. catch 32 .make 33. hope 34. think 35. eat 36. live 37. work 38 . learn 39. rest 40. sleep



soap tobacco paper

writing paper 信纸 chalk work

homework housework news medicine advice

information news

修饰词 some any

plenty of much

a great deal of little a little

mutton 羊肉 goose 鹅肉 food bread rice chocolate cheese

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