高三英语培优外刊阅读学案：蝙蝠话题
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高三英语培优外刊阅读 班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________ 外刊精选｜携带大量病毒，蝙蝠自己为何安然无恙？ 【背景介绍】无论是非典、埃博拉，还是此次新型冠状病毒，其源头都与蝙蝠有关。这一特殊的哺乳动物，身上虽携带多种病毒，却能够安然无恙。蝙蝠是如何做到的？ How Do Bats Live With So Many Viruses? By James Gorman If previous outbreaks of coronavirus are any indication, the Wuhan strain that is now spreading may eventually be traced back to bats. One bat can host many different viruses without getting sick. They are thought to be the natural reservoir for the Ebola and many other viruses. Learning how they carry and survive so many viruses has been a deep question for science. In a 2018 paper, scientists reported their investigation of how bats handle something called DNA sensing. The energy demands of flight are so great that cells in the body break down and release bits of DNA that are then floating around where they shouldn’t be. Mammals, including bats, have ways to identify and respond to such bits of DNA, which might indicate an invasion of a disease-causing organism. But in bats, they found, evolution has weakened that system, which would normally cause inflammation as it fought the viruses. Bats have lost some genes involved in that response, which makes sense because the inflammation itself can be very damaging to the body. They have a weakened response but it is still there. Thus, the researchers write, this weakened response may allow them to maintain a “balanced state of ‘effective response’ but not ‘over response’ against viruses.” 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.strain [streɪn] n. _________________________________ 2.without [wɪˈðaʊt] prep. _________________________________ 3.handle [ˈhændəl] v. _________________________________ 4.inflammation [ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃən] n. _________________________________ 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.如果某物传递、提供了某种信息的话_________________________________ 2.来源于，追溯到_________________________________ 3.携带病毒_________________________________ 4.自然宿主_________________________________ 5.深奥难懂的问题_________________________________ 6.…的研究_________________________________ 7.合理，说得过去_________________________________ 8.反应过度_________________________________ 拓展练习 阅读理解 Bird lovers will want to flock to a new room designed for Sweden’s Trechotel. Designed by Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG) in cooperation with UIf Ohman, a zoologist who studies birds, Biosphere is a suspended room surrounded by 350 birdhouses. Sheltered into the treetops, it will strengthen the natural environment by increasing the bird population and give visitors a special connection with these feathered friends. The room, which is Treehotel’s eighth, opens in May and features a hold, experimental design. Each on-site wooden house interacts with nature and Biosphere is no different. The 3800-square-foot Biosphere is accessed by a suspended bridge and is designed to involve guests in the surrounding forests. After spending time at Treehotel, BIG founder Bjarke Ingels wanted to take the concept of involvement and push it even further. “Almost instantly, the idea of not only the human visitors but also the resident hind and bat population to cohabit a globe-shaped group of nests came to life,” Ingels shares. BIG worked closely with Ohman to create birdhouses of different sizes to attract different birds. These birdhouses stick out from the above, creating different Ievels and allowing light to enter the space while preserving the view. Ohmam hopes that the initiative will inspire others to build their own birdhouses and provide new habitats for the decreasing bind population in morthem Sweden. Inistde Biosphere, the space is divided on a split level. The plan has a lower living area and upper seeping area. The rich dark inside and organic materials are inspired by the surrounding forest in an effort to stimulate visitors to look outward and enjoy the landscape. With Biosphere, Treehotel has accomplished its goal of having rooms designed by architects from every Scandinavian country. Snohetta and Inrednin Gegruppen are just two of the firms that have also designed incredible wooden houses for the hotel, which opened in 2010. 23.What is Biosphere? A.A bird nest. B.A treetop hotel. C.A room of a hotel. D.A bird-watching shelter. 24.What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A.The design concept. B.The specific outlook. C.The unique structure. D.The natural surroundings. 25.What might guests in Biosphere experience? A.Staying in bright rooms. B.Designing wooden birdhouses. C.Collecting organic materials. D.Getting engaged with birds. 26.What kind on company is BIG? A.Initial. B.Innovative. C.Multinational. D.Nonprofit. 外刊精选答案 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.strain [streɪn] n. 种类 2.without [wɪˈðaʊt] prep. 没有…… 3.handle [ˈhændəl] v. 处理，应对 4.inflammation [ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃən] n. 发炎，炎症 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1.if sth. be any indication如果某物传递、提供了某种信息的话 2.be traced back来源于，追溯到 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/c75a6939f76527d3240c844769eae009591ba252.html