名词性从句注意事项
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名词性从句 概述： 名从包括：主从、宾从、表从、同从。 做题思路： 1. 找出从句、判断是什么类型。 2. 判断是名从后，怎么选词 ① 缺物：what ② 缺人：who(主)、whom(宾) ③ 其他缺啥补啥：whether、 if、which、 where、 when、 how、 why、 because、 as if… ④ 啥都不缺，从句是完整的陈述句：that 3. 注意事项： ① what还是which 答：名从“缺物”，填what。which只在定从中“指代物”。除定从外，其余which均译为“哪一个”。 ② what 还是that 答：that 在从句中不作任何成分，what 在从句中必须担当主语或宾语。 That Tom fell off his chair by accident got the classmates laughing. What Tom learned in university helps him a lot in his job We have reached what is called XinJie kou. ③ that什么时候能省 答：宾语从句的第一个从句。 Before leaving the room, you should make sure (that) the lights are off and that the doors are shut. ④ if / whether怎么选 答：表“是否”时，whether永远可以。 什么时候，能用if 答：动宾从句 & It主从。 I don’t know if he is coming or not. It is not clear if he is coming. ⑤ whatever / no matter what 怎么选 答：首选是短的那个，即 ~ever。因~ever既可引导主从，又可引导状从；而 no matter ~ 只能引导状从。 I agree with you, whatever you say. I agree with you, no matter what you say. I will give the book to whoever needs it. ⑥ 定从和同从怎么区分 答：同从的先行词必定是内涵的抽象词，如：news, idea, fact, promise, truth, suggestion等。 同从说明先行词的内容，而定从说明哪一个先行词。举个典例： The reason that he told me that he lost the money is not very good. ●that he told me，哪个理由呢是他告诉我的那个理由。所以是定语从句。 ●that he lost the money，他的理由是什么内容呢理由是他丢钱了。所以是同位语从句。 其他重点： 一、主语从句 a. 与定语从句的转换 What is needed has been bought. All that is needed has been bought. b. 几个特殊句型之间的转换 It is known to all that China has joined the WTO. As is known to all , China has joined the WTO. What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO. 二、宾语从句 1. 否定转移 I don’t think he is fit for the job, is he I never thought that he would come for the dinner party. 2. 有些固定搭配。 I hate it when…; I dislike it when…; I’d appreciate it if… 感激 I will see to it that… 保证 3. 与定语从句的转换 Jerry told us _______ he had sent abroad. A. what B. all that C. all what D. all 注：本题四个答案都正确。答案C 可以看作all 是前面的us 的同位语。 三、表语从句：切换 The reason why I came late is that my car broke down on the half way. He came late. That’s because his car broke down. His car broke down on the half way. That’s why he came late. 四、宾从、表从、同从中若含有建议、命令、坚持、提议要求等含义的词，要用that sb (should) do,如： She insists that we (should) go swimming on such a fine day. His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once. We received an order that the work (should) be done at once. A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got 这类词有： C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has advise, suggest建议；order命令；command命令； she got insist坚持；propose提议；demand要求； require 需要；request要求； 第一部分：基础题 1. _______ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 2. —It’s thirty years since we last met. —But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when 3. See the flags on top of the building That was _______ we did this morning. A. when B. which C. where D. What 4. —Could you do me a favor —It depends on _______ it is. A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______. A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost 6. Doris' success lies in the fact _______ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. A. which B. that C. when D. why 7. Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. what C. who D. that 8. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom A. that B. what C. as D. which 9. —Why does she always ask you for help —There is no one else _______, is there A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn 10. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _______ it is rough or smooth. A. / B. whether C. how D. what 11. Danny left word with my secretary _______ he would call again in the afternoon. A. who B. that C. as D. which 12. Mum is coming. What present ______ for your birthday 13. The way he did it was different ______ we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which 14. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _______ it was 20 years ago, _______ it was so poorly equipped. A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that 15. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ________ a cure for AIDS will be found. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 第二部分：强化题 1. We haven’t settled the question of _______ it is necessary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that 2. A warm thought suddenly came to me _______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. A. if B. when C. that D. which 3. There is much chance _______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A. that B. which C. until D. if 4. Please remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. A. where B. when C. how D. what 5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _______ we gave some bells and glasses. A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which 6. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _______ he was a man of action. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 7. _______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever 8. I just wonder that makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 9. _______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger , more prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/d85cf8a6baf67c1cfad6195f312b3169a551ea57.html