宾格的用法与常见问题

时间:2022-12-19 13:05:28 阅读: 最新文章 文档下载
说明:文章内容仅供预览,部分内容可能不全。下载后的文档,内容与下面显示的完全一致。下载之前请确认下面内容是否您想要的,是否完整无缺。
宾格的用法与常见问题



宾格是人称代词,人称代词有主格宾格之分,主格有I,he, she,it, you, we,they宾格有me, him, her, it, you, us, them。主格要放在主语位置,宾格要放在宾语位置。主语位置都知道,一般在句首,如I am a teacher.英语中,宾语有两个位置,一个在动词后跟宾语,注意不是所有的动词都需要跟宾语。

另一个在介词后跟宾语,如: 1,I give him a book. 这里的give 是动词,him give 的宾语宾语的作用是使谓语所表达的意思完整和清楚,因为him的位置是宾语,所以,如果在这个位置上用的是人称代词,就得用宾格,而不能用主格的he.

2,She speaks to me. 这里的to 是介词,它后面的me英语语法中称宾语,因此也要用宾格。

在实际运用中,主格和宾格代词有时会混淆。

1.在复合结构里,人称代词的主格和宾格在单独使用时,没有问题,如很少人会犯下这样的错误:

1Wilcox spoke to I.

2Her knew what had happened. 但在复合结构中,错误就难免了,如: 3Wilcox spoke to my friend and I. 4He and her knew what had happened. 5This is between you and he.

这种错误是可避免的。第一,在有介词的复合结构中,特别要注意,第二个人称代词,必须用宾语,如:"for you and me" "between Maria and him"。第二,试把复合结构中的另一部分暂时用括号围起来,那么该用的格就容易辨别了,如: 6This message is for My father and I or me. 7Marry and he or him went downtown together.

显然的,5里的代词是宾格的"me", 6里的代词是主格的"he"

2.在比较结构里,连接词"as""than"后面,按理用主格式,但在口语中,人们常用宾格形式,学美式英语者,更是如此:


8a. You did as well as she. b. You did as well as her. 9a. I am older than he. b. I am older than him.

ab两种说法,都可接受。但如果"as""than"后头分句的主语和词动都要完整出现的话,这时的人称代词,就必须是主格,如下: 10You did as well as she did. 11I am older than he is .

此外,还有一点要注意,就是"as""than"后面虽然在语法上用主格好,用宾格也可,但是有时意思会有所不同。试比较ab

12a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I. b. Jason praised Maria more highly than me.

13a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I did = I praised Maria. b. Jason praised Maria more highly than he praised me. 12ab都被接受,但12a等于13a,而12b等于13B

显然,这两句的深层意思大有差别。遇到这种情形,为了避免误解,不妨根据要表达的意思用完整的句式表达出来。换句话说,必要的话,要用13这句子。 不然,把13a变成14, 13b变成15也可:

14I did not praise Maria as highly as Jason did. 15Jason did not praise me as highly as he praised Maria.

您的阅读,祝您生活愉快。


本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/eb3f756cc57da26925c52cc58bd63186bdeb929a.html