专升本英语同义词替换|2017专升本英语同义词辨析(四)

副标题:2017专升本英语同义词辨析(四)

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accompany attend escort convoy

  意思都含"与人结伴同行"或"伴随某物"。

  accompany 指"与人结伴, 做伴", 常含有彼此之间关系平等之意, 如:

  He -nied her to the theater.

  他陪她去剧院。

  attend 意为"随侍"、"随从" 等解, 如:

  Some students attended Prof. Jones on a field trip.

  一些学生随琼斯教授去野外郊游。

  escort 和 convoy 意为"以警卫等身份陪伴", 如:

  This merchant ship was convoyed by a destroyer.

  这艘商船由一驱逐舰护航。

  escort 还指礼节上的"尊重或献殷勤", 如:

  He escorted a lady to a party.

  他陪一位女士赴宴。

  accurate correct exact

  均含"正确的"意思。

  accurate 表示"准确的",精确的",指"通过努力, 使事情达到正确", 如:

  She gave an accurate account of the accident.

  她对事故做了准确的描述。

  correct 为一般用语, 指"正确的", 如:

  He gave correct answers to the questions.

  他对这些问题提出了正确的答案。

  exact 表示"确切的","精确无误的",指"与事实完全相符", 如:

  His answer is quite exact.

  他的回答完全正确。

  enough sufficient adequate

  这三个词都表示"足够的"或"充分的"。其中只有enough可以用作副词或名词,含义仍为"足够的"。

  enough和sufficient在含义上几乎没有差异,只是enough的用法较多,这两个词都表示"完全满足需要,而且既不多余,也不缺少".

  adequate虽然也表示"足够的"、"充分的",但是和另二词之间有着比较明显的细微差异,因为这个词的内涵是:对于必不可少的东西在数量上应当是合理的、公平的或不苛刻的。Five men will be quite enough (or sufficient)。这句话说的是:5个人就十分充足了, 再多给一个人就没有必要了His wages are adequate to support three people. 这句话说的是:他的工资够养活3个人的。即这些钱养活3个人够得上一般生活水平,并不苛刻。可见其差异非常细微。词义差别越细微,表意越准确。例如:"我为他干了3小时的活,他付给我20英镑。我觉得那20英镑的工钱是足够了的"。这两句话在英译时,其中的"足够的"必须用adequate,因为这里说的"足够"包含了"公平、合理"的意思。故这两句可译为:I worked for him three hours, and he paid me 20 pounds. I think the 20 pounds are adequate for my work. 此外, 应注意下面例句中 enough的各种用法

  I like to be a professional singer, but I don’t think I have a good enough voice.

  我想当个职业歌唱家,但是我觉得我的嗓子不够好。

  A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control.

  一天的开端可能好得很,但突然一切似乎都失去了控制。

  The currents of air that the walls of the ship direct upwards, as well as in line of its course are enough to give the great bi ird with its immense wings sufficent sustenance and progress.

  沿着船壁向上引导的以及与航行方向一致的气流足以给这种长有特大翅膀的大鸟以充分的支撑力和前进力。

  Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.

  我们的牧师老是为这事或那事筹募款项,但是从来也没能募集到足够把教堂大钟修复起来的钱。

  The problem set for society is not the virtues of the type so much as its adequacy for its function, and here grave difficulties arise. He refuses to consider sufficiently the wants of the customer, who must buy, not the thing he desires but the thingthe English Gentleman wants to sell. He attends inadequately to technological development.

  向社会提出的问题,与其说是这号人的德行问题,毋宁说是他们是否能胜任其职责的问题,于是便出现了严重的困难。他们不肯充分考虑顾客的需要, 顾客不得不买的不是自己想要买的东西,而是英国绅士所要卖的。他们对技术的发展并不给予充分的注意。

  The majority of the patients attending the medical outpatients departments of our hospitals feel that they have not received adequate treatment unless they are able to carry home with them some tangible remedy in the shape of a bottle of medicine, abox of pills, or a small jar of ointment,…

  在医院门诊部就医的大多数病人认为,如果他们不能带一些实实在在的药物,如一瓶药水、一盒药丸、一小瓶药膏回家的话,他们就没得到充分的治疗……

  enough sufficient adequate

  意思都含"充分的"、"足够的"。

  enough 系常用词, 常可与sufficient互换, 它除表示"足以满足需要的"外, 还含有"数量很多使人感到心满意足的"的意思, 如:

  We have enough money to spend.

  我们有足够的钱花。

  sufficient 用于正式文体中, 指"分量或数量足以满足需要的", 如:

  The food is sufficient for a week.

  食物足够一周用。

  adequate 指"足够符合特定(有时可指最低)的资格、分量、才能等"着重"符合一个客观要求或标准的", 如:

  To be healthy one must have an adequate diet.

  一个人想要健康, 必须有足够的规定饮食

  advance promote progress proceed

  都含有"前进"的意思。

  advance 指"向某一目标或方向前进的运动或效果, 并常强调前进的终点", 如:

  Our soldiers advanced bravely against the enemy.

  我们的士兵勇敢地向敌人挺进。

  promote 作"提升"解时可与advance 通用; 它强调"促使某种事业向前发展以达到预期的结果, 并侧重于对该人或事物(尤指公开性质)的赞助和鼓励", 如:

  John was promoted [advanced] from a clerk to a manager.

  约翰由职员晋升为经理。

  A sound forest economy promotes the prosperity of agriculture and rural life.

  完善的森林经济可以促进农业和农村生活的兴旺与繁荣。

  progress 则指"稳定、经常的进步", 这种进步可能有间隔, 常用于抽象事物, 如:

  Our research work is progressing steadily.

  我们的研究工作正在稳步地取得进展。

  proceed 多指"继续前进", 如:

  This being done, let’s proceed to the next.

  这项工作已做完了, 让我们干下一个。

2017专升本英语同义词辨析(四).doc

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