2017年职称英语 考试 报名|2017年职称英语(理工类)常考完形填空文章模拟练习及译文2

副标题:2017年职称英语(理工类)常考完形填空文章模拟练习及译文2

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Avalanche and Its Safety

  An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are____1____ the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.

  All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope____2____ supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is____3____ cause an avalanche, ____4____ acomplex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.

  Terrain slopes flatter than25degrees or steeper than60degrees typically have a low ____5____ of avalanche. Snow does not____6____ significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not ____7____ easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow’s angle of rest1 is____8____ 35 and45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is38degrees. The rule of thumb2 is: A slope that is____9____ enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally3, avalanche risk increases with ____10____;that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, die more lijkely it is that an avalanche will occur.

  Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry4 is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous____11____,, including route selection and examination of the snowpack, weather____12____ and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also____13____ the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid ____14____ to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are____15____ or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.

  词汇:

  avalanche / '?v?l?nt?, -lɑ?n? / n.雪崩

  snowpack / 'sn??p?k / n.积雪场

  terrain / te're?n / n.地形,地势

  steep / sti?p / adj.险峻的,陆峭的

  trigger / 'tr?g?(r) / v.引起,激发

  incidence / '?ns?d?ns / n.发生(率)

  ski / ski? / v.滑雪

  complexity / k?m'pleks?t? / n.复杂性

  注释:

  1.angle of rest:这里指积雪保持静止的角度。

  2.rule of thumb:指“a broadly accurate principle, based on experience or practice rather than theory”,即“通用法则,经验法则'

  3.Additionally:是一个副词,用来引人新的事实或论点,意为“此外”。

  4.backcountry:人烟稀少的地区

  练习:

  1. A among B of C to D in

  2.A when B that C who D whose

  3.A mostly B likely C clearly D surely

  4.A are B will be C is D was

  5.A weight B form C risk D work

  6.A fall B flow C roll D gather

  7.A fall B flow C roll D gather

  8.A among B between C with D for

  9.A thick B thin C flat D rocky

  10.A use B time C snow D rain

  11.A journey B trip C fact D process

  12.A conditions B reports C forecast D event

  13.A increase B reduce C improve D remove

  14.A price B effort C attention D money

  15.A missing B grown C big D fresh

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