新概念第四册课文原文及翻译|新概念第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson35

【课文】 　　First listen and then answer the following question. 　　听录音，然后回答以下问题。 　　When will it be possible for us to think seriously about colonising Mars? 　　The Moon is likely to become the industrial hub of the Solar System, supplying the rocket fuels for its ships, easily obtainable form the lunar rocks in the from of liquid oxygen. The reason lies in its gravity. Because the Moon has only an eightieth of the Earth's mass, it requires 97 per cent less energy to travel the quarter of a million miles from the Moon to Earth-orbit than the 200 mile-journey from Earth's surface into orbit! 　　This may sound fantastic, but it is easily calculated. To escape from the Earth in a rocket, one must travel at seven miles per second. The comparable speed from the Moon is only 1.5 miles per second. Because the gravity on the Moon's surface is only a sixth of Earth's (remember how easily the Apollo astronauts bounded along), it takes much less energy to accelerate to that 1.5 miles per second than it does on Earth. Moon-dwellers will be able to fly in space at only three per cent of the cost of similar journeys by their terrestrial dwellers will be able to fly in space at only three per cent of the cost of similar journeys by their terrestrial cousins. 　　Arthur C. Clark once suggested a revolutionary idea passes through three phases: 　　1 'It's impossible -- don't waste my time.' 　　2 'It's possible, but not worth doing.' 　　3 'I said it was a good idea all along.' 　　The idea of colonising Mars -- a world 160 times more distant time the Moon -- will move decisively from the second phase to the third, when a significant number of people are living permanently in space. Mars has an extraordinary fascination for would-be voyagers. America, Russia and Europe are filled with enthusiasts -- many of them serious and senior scientists -- who dream of sending people to it. Their aim is understandable. It is the one world in the Solar System that is most like the Earth. It is a world of red sandy deserts (hence its name -- the Red Planet), cloudless skies, savage sandstorms, chasms wider than the Grand Canyon and at least one mountain more than twice as tall as Everest. It seems ideal for settlement. 　　7 DAYS, February 19, 1989 　　【New words and expressions 生词和短语】 　　hub n. (活动的)中心 　　lunar adj. 月球的 　　oxygen n. 氧气 　　Apollo n. 阿波罗 　　accelerate v. 加速 　　terrestrial adj. 地球的 　　permanently adv. 永远地 　　fascination n. 魅力 　　senior adj. 资历深的，年长的 　　chasm n. 断层，裂口 　　canyon n. 峡谷 　　【课文注释】 　　1.obtainable adj. 能获得的， 可得到的， 能达到的 　　例句：Are his records still obtainable? 　　他的唱片还能买到吗? 　　The timetable is obtainable post-free from the airline office. 　　航班时刻表可以向航空公司免费索取。 　　2.the comparable speed from the Moon 从月球出发相应的速度，这里是指摆脱月球引力所需达到的速度。 　　3.the Apollo astronauts 指1969年7月20日美国“阿波罗11号”宇宙飞船第一次载人登月球。 　　4.accelerate v. 加速 　　例句：Our present task is to accelerate economic growth. 　　加速经济发展是我们当前的任务。 　　We will accelerate the reform of the financial system under these circumstances. 　　在这一背景情况下，我们将加快金融体制改革。 　　【词义辨析】 　　quicken, accelerate, hasten, hurry, rush, speed 这些动词均含“加快，使加快”之意。 　　quicken : 普通用词，指增加速度、速率。 　　accelerate : 着重指频率或速率运转加快。 　　hasten : 指由于事的紧迫性或突然性而加速。 　　hurry : 指赶紧或匆忙地做某事或催促别人做某事，隐含草率或混乱意味。 　　rush : 含义与hurry相近，但显得更仓促更慌乱。 　　speed : 侧重实际的快速行动，常用词组是speed up。 　　5.at the cost of 以……为代价 　　例句：He saved the girl from drowning at the cost of his own life. 　　他舍身把溺水的姑娘救出来。 　　6.revolutionary adj. 革命的 　　例句：His heart glows with revolutionary enthusiasm. 　　他心中充满着革命的热情。 　　We shall carry forward the revolutionary tradition. 　　我们应该发扬革命传统。 　　7.the idea of colonising Mars 征服火星计划 　　8.decisively adv. 决然地，果断地 　　例句：We had no choice but to act decisively. 　　这次不果断处理不行。 　　9.would-be voyagers 未来的星际旅客 　　10.senior scientists 资深科学家 　　senior adj. 　　① 地位较高的 　　例句：He is senior to me, though he is younger. 　　他地位比我高，虽然他比我年轻。 　　②高级的 　　例句：She was unfit for such a senior position. 　　她不能胜任这样的高级职位。 　　③年长的 　　例句：Although he is senior to his wife, he is inferior to her in salary. 　　虽然他年长于他的妻子，但他妻子的收入比他高。 　　④资深的 　　例句：A senior member of the committee is authorized to act for the chairman during his absence. 　　主席不在时，授权委员会中的一位资深委员代理他的职务。 　　11.the Grand Canyon 指位于美国亚利桑那州西北部的科罗拉多河的大峡谷。 　　【参考译文】 　　月球很可能成为太阳系的工业中心。从月球上的岩石中很容易提炼出液态氧，作为航天飞船的燃料。其原因在于月球的重力。因为月球的重只有地球的1/8，因此，从月球到地球的25万英里所消耗的能量要比从地球表面进入地球轨道的200英里所耗能量少97%。 　　这点听起来令人难以置信，但却很容易计算出来。要乘坐一枚火箭飞离地球，火箭的速度要达到每秒7英里，而从月球出发的相应速度是每秒1.5英里。由于月球表面的重力仅是地球表面的1/6 -- 还记得阿波罗飞船中的宇航员轻松地跳跃 -- 在月球上加速到每秒1.5英里比在地球上所用能源要少得多。月球居民在太空遨游的费用仅是地球上朋友飞越同样路所需费用的3%。 　　亚瑟.C.克拉克曾提议，一种创新的想法要经过以下3个阶段： 　　1 “根本不可能，不要浪费我的时间。” 　　2 “可能，但不值得做。” 　　3 “我一直说这是个好想法。” 　　如果有相当数量的人永久性地住在太空，征服火星的计划 -- 一个比月球远160倍的星球 -- 就可以明确地从第2阶段进入第3阶段。火星对未来的星际旅客来说有着特殊的魅力。美国、俄罗斯和欧洲都有许多热心此项事业的人 -- 其中的不少是认真和资深的科学家，他们一直梦想着把人送上火星。他们的目标是可以理解的。火星是太阳系里与地球最接近的一颗行星。这是一个红色沙漠的世界(因而得名：红色行星)，无云的天空，凶猛的沙暴，比大峡谷还宽的裂缝，起码有一座山有珠穆朗玛峰的近两倍高。看起来，它很合适居住。

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