2016年1月9号托福阅读答案-2016年9月3日托福独立写作预测及答案解析
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1.agree or disagree: universities and colleges must do a better job of preparing students for the workplace.
agree:
1.论点：就业变的越来越难了，学生应该在尽量在大学里培养工作技能方便毕业好更好的就业。论证过程：先描述现在就业的高难度，在中国每年有几百万的大学毕业生，但真正能够找到令自己满意工作的的却占很小的部分。然后分析大学生在大学期间可以培养的能力有哪些。给细节：例如学设计专业的学生可以通过实习，去更好的学会应用他们所需要的软件如dreamwaver，PS。
2.论点：大学也可以通过这种方式吸收更优质的学生，从而创造一个更好的学习氛围。论证中心：描述现在的大学氛围被社会普通批评。主要原因还是中国的大学缺乏职业培训，而且管理的不够科学，使得很多大学生在大学期间荒废了学业。因此，越来越多的家长送孩子去美国学习，而美国的学校却非常重视孩子的能力提升，尤其重视学生的社会实践。甚至很多大学的课程是直接为世界五百强输送人才。例如普渡大学计算机专业会开设CS课程，而教授就是来自苹果公司的高级工程师。因此可以从美国大学能够吸引世界的精英学生前往求学以及对比国内大学的现在尴尬状态的对比，不难发现。学校更应该重视学生就业能力的培养。
3.让步段：也有很多人支持，大学生阶段，学生的主要精力还是放在学习专业课上面。反驳：大部分的专业课也是为了将来就业做准备的，因此学习专业课的同时，学校也应该重视让学生学会应该这些知识。例如学习计算机专业的学生，可以尝试着去设计一些最新潮的App软件。例如Ins的创始人就是大学期间开始尝试设计发明的，最终成为世界名人。
2.The car has had greater effect on the society than the airplane has.
choose cars.
1.with the widespread use of cars, our time schedule can be much more flexible.
2.cars are more affordable as opposed to those airplanes that could cost us millions dollars to purchase.
3.admittedly, airplanes can help us realize the dream of flying. However, when it comes to the frequency of taking airplane, it cannot be compared with the chances of driving a private car.
3.Technology has made our life more complicated rather than simpler.
choose: life is more complicated
1.Technological development has exposed us to various threats such as environmental deterioration, information explosion and privacy intrusion.
2.The use of many electronic devices has estranged us from our families and friends.
3.Admittedly, technology has improved our work efficiency. However, it also intensified the employment issue that many countries including America and China are facing.
4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The ability to maintain a small circle of close friends over a long period of time is more important for happiness than the ability to make new friends easily.
选维持老朋友关系：
1
论点：现在人们太忙，没有时间结交新朋友city employees are too devoted to their career to make new friends.
解释：忙于工作，承受巨大的工作压力(suffer tremendous workloads). 甚至周末都在工作(The weekends are occupied by endless job assignments).
例子: 拿朋友举例(The personal experience of Daniel, one of my close friends, can prove why it is impossible for current citizens to make new friends) 从事计算机领域( works in the area of computer programming) 几乎每天熬夜(burn the midnight oil night after night). 去年为了完成一个公司要求完成的App,连续工作了两个月。因此可以看出他根本没有时间去认识新的朋友(In order to accomplish the task assigned by the company, he worked with his teammates for two months in a row. Therefore, there was no time for him to be acquainted with strangers)。
2
论点：老朋友更值得信任(old friends are more trustworthy)
解释：人们更愿意和老朋友分享他们的秘密(People are more willing to share their secrets with their old friends because trust is built on a long term relationship)
例子 ：拿自己举例，我只会和我的好朋友分享我的一些秘密以及一些快乐的时光，在我中学毕业后，和家里发生了一些矛盾(had a quarrel with my parents)。然后和几个好朋友一起约着出去旅行，在旅途中和朋友们一起欣赏沿途风景(enjoy the beautiful sceneries along the journey)，爬山过程中融入自然(be involved in the nature while climbing the mountain)，最终由中学阶段的长期学习所积累的压力全部释放了(on the journey, the huge pressure caused by the long-term study in high school was released and I recognized the mistake I made after talking with my friends. Ultimately, I took an apology to my parents )。
5. Government have done enough to educate the people the importance of a balanced lifestyle and healthy eating.
政府已经在人们均衡的生活方式以及健康的饮食习惯方面教育上做的足够好了
不同意：
1.政府过度的关注经济的发展，而忽略了人们的饮食健康。 虽然经济的发展提升了综合国力，也为市民们了建立并且完善了更多的基础设施，但是普通人的生活节奏却逐渐的变快了。 人们作为社会大家庭中的一员必须投入投入到工作当中，而经济的发展必然导致各个行业的快速发展，而行业的快速发展又必将导致该行业的企业有更大的目标，从而导致处于这些企业的员工承担更多的职业和任务，因此也承担了巨大压力，健康的饮食习惯也就无从谈起了。
2.政府过度的关注科技发展，而科技发展有给人们的健康带来了负面印象。虽然科技发展确实改变了人们的生活，但同时也使得人们的生活方式变的不均衡，饮食习惯变的不健康。具体例子可以说人们过度依赖科技产品，且快餐的出现，饱受争议的转基因食品的出现都使得
人们的饮食习惯出现很大的弊病。
3.让步段：确实政府已经开始提倡健康饮食，但是力度依然不够
6. some students prefer to have their final grades determined by numerous small assignments, whereas others prefer to have their final grades determined by only a few large ones. Which do you prefer?
最终成绩取决于很多小的学习任务 vs 有限的几次大的任务
选有限的几次大的任务：
1.对于学生有好处：学生可以被解放出来，会有更多的时间精力投入自己想做的事情(因为不需要一直去准备各种测试)。举例子，可以说大学生更应该注重能力的培养，而不是书本上的知识，如学市场的学生，除了课本知识，社会实践与公司实习更重要。如果时间被花费在很多的小的任务上，那么久没有时间积累社会经验和培养职业技能。
2.对于老师有好处： 老师可以被解放出来，因为不用在课堂一直讲与考试或者作业相关的内容。举例：大学老师因此会有更多的精力投入研究，老师也可以在课堂中不用只讲解考试的内容，可以多分享一些补充知识，对于学生未来的就业更有帮助
3.让步段
7. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? If people are on vacation (holiday), they should leave their mobile phones at home.
同意：
1.
论点：人们能够更好的陪家人or放松
解释：现代社会人们对于电子设备的过度依赖往往会使得人们不知不觉中忽略了和朋友还有家人的沟通，因此在假期的时候，人们应该选择不要懈怠手机电话，将更多的经历放在家人朋友身上。
例子：在过去，没有这些移动电子设备，人们之间的关系反而更加紧密，因为他们会时常在一起去参加社交活动等。而现在虽然电子设备方便了人们的沟通，但是人们在一起活动的时间却变的少了，渐渐地，人们之间的关系都会渐渐疏远了。因此在过节的时候，将手机放在家里无疑是一个不错的选择，人们可以避免突然的电话骚扰，也可以杜绝一直玩手机的坏习惯。人们能够更加投入的去和彼此交流活动。如人们可以选择一起去远足，野营，爬山等等。结论：过节期间选择不带手机有助于人们之间的关系更加紧密。
2.
论点：人们能改掉过度依赖手机的不好习惯
解释：随着社会快速发展，人们不得不每天使用移动电子设备，然而很多人除了沟通以外，还会花很多时间去在电子设备上看电影or玩游戏，这无疑对人们的身体健康和行为习惯带来负面的影响。
例子：现在社会，带着眼镜的孩子随处可见。很大一部分原因是因为孩子花了太多的时间去玩手机。甚至在地铁里，也会经常看见孩子拿着手机看着电子竞技的视频，也有些孩子拿着手机玩优秀，如部落冲突。除了孩子，很多的成年人也过度的依赖手机，如我自己就是一个例子，会在手机上下载小说去打发平时在上下班路上的时间，然而这却是对于我的视力带来了很大的影响。另外我会渐渐感觉到很不习惯，当我不看不到我手机的时候。如果人们选择在假期的时候不带手机在身边，人们就能渐渐的改掉对于手机依赖的习惯。
结论：假期不带手机可以帮助人们戒掉过度依赖手机的坏习惯，对于人们的身体也能来带来好处。
8. Parents should not express their disagreement to their teachers if parents find the teaching method is not right.
采用不同意写法：当家长发现教学方法不当，应该表达出和老师的不同
1.从老师角度出发：能够监督老师的教学行为，因为现在有很多的老师缺乏责任心，并没有投入太多的精力投入到教学中，而家长通过这种方式能够起到监督的作用。
2.从学生角度出发：教学方法的改进能够使得给学生带来直接的好处。如学习外语很多老师的教学方法是完全的灌输语法结构或者词汇。而因为家长曾经扮演过学生的角色，所以能够体会到语言环境以及课堂趣味性的重要性，从而给老师提出建议，从而给学生的学习带来好处。
3.让步段： 让步部分：指出教师方法不当使得教师失去威信或者有人认为会伤害老师和家长的感情。 反驳：可以通过私下沟通的方式，且家长注意沟通时候的态度。
9. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way for people to relax is to spend time alone.
Disagree:
1.admittedly, spending time alone can avoid unexpected disruption. However, our normal days have been occupied by either job assignments or academic tasks and it would be impossible for us to communicate with others. Weekends and holidays are worthier to be used as a chance to stay with others.
2.spending time with friends can be a better chance for us to relax and strengthen our friendship.
3.Staying with families is another greater choice for us to relieve pressure since we can learn many life lessons from our families while exchanging wha we’ve been through with them.
10. It is as important for older people to learn new things as it is for younger people.
Disagree
1.when it comes to job requirements, young people are supposed to be more skilled in learning new things to maintain competitiveness.
2.speaking of academic career, students have to be versed in learning new things or they can hardly graduate from schools.
3.Admittedly, learning new things can help old people avoid solitude. For instance,with the popularity of computers, old people can learn how to use them as an effective to kill some time.however, there will be better ways for old people to relax like doing morning exercises and traveling.
11. Which is the best way for students to make friends? a. participating in sport teams, b. volunteering for community service, c. traveling.
sports teams
1.sports will make them better aware of cooperation, competition as well as team spirit among teammates.
2.With the same goal, fighting for a success, teammates’ relations will be tightened.
3.Admittedly, volunteering for community service and traveling can offer us more chances to meet a number of people. However, most of those temporary friends will be forgotten easily.
12. The most important thing for a big company is to improve the efficiency and proficiency of its employees.
disagree:
1.increase the salaries (in the money-oriented society, the most urging factor for an employe would be how much they can earn through their efforts)
2.pay attention to maintaining the relationship with clients. (the bigger a company is, the more urgently it needs to maintain the constantly growing number of customers. Meanwhile, there will always be some problems occurring between a company and its clients)
13. Do you agree or disagree :The government must make choices about how to spend its money in amusing the people. Given the choice between spending tax dollars on the arts or sports, it should choose to spend those dollars on the arts.
choose to invest to sports
1.investing to sporting facilities can help to improve citizens’ physical and mental health.
2.the investment to sports can provide citizens with more chances to enlarge social circles. Children, city employees and the elder can all benefit a lot from sporting facilities.
14. It was easier to be successful in the past than it is today.
disagree:
1.people can receive the education of higher quality. With far more advanced facilities and more prestigious professors than before, more elites can be cultivated
2.there have been more job vacancies than before.
15. Do you agree or disagree with the statement: The people in the past were friendlier than people today.
不同意：
1.
论点：科技发展疏远人们关系，因此，人们显然不如从前友好了。
解释：人们过度依赖电子产品，减少了人际活动的次数
例子：多例，吃饭的时候，人们玩手机的现象更多了。坐公交时候，更多的人玩手机而忽略帮助需要帮助的人。在学校的时候，人们通过微信邮件沟通的方式也变的更多，面对面沟通的频率也大大下降。
结论：现在社会上越来越多的人变的冷漠，很大部分归咎于科技发展
2.
论点：社会压力的增加使得人们有着更多负面情绪
解释：社会发展的必然趋势导致市民承受更多的压力，有意无意之间，人们内心就会积累着大量负面情绪。
例子：多例，一个软件工程师每天需要工作远超9小时，而且超负荷的脑力工作让他们变得精疲力尽，长时间的投入工作也使得他们承担过多压力。再例如证券公司的理财经理每天要分析大量数据更他们的客户带来收益的保障，这种枯燥的工作方式让他们会变的脾气更暴躁。结论：很明显，快节奏的生活以及工作方式是另外一个人们变的不像过去那么友好的因素。
3.
让步段：诚然，教育的提升使得人们变的比过去更加有文化。然而，教育水平的发展过度重视的是生产力的提升而忽视了素质教育。
16. In the past, people were more interested in improving their neighborhoods than they are now.(可以借鉴第14题)
Agree:
1.people become increasingly reliant on those high-tech products, leading to the estrangement among friends and neighbors.
2.People are too devoted to their career to care about their neighborhood.
17. Workers would be more satisfied if they have various kinds of work to do during work day instead of doing the same job all day long.
1.with various tasks to accomplish, the job appears to be more interesting and challenging.
2.Worker’s capabilities can experience a huge development.
18. People nowadays spend much more time than they should using text messages and new technologies such as social media to communicate with each other.
同意：现在的人太依赖新科技
1. 对于学生而言-现在的学生学习比较依赖网路和高科技产品，如学语言的时候电子词典充当一个很好的角色，网络能够提供大量的资源供学生参考，此外网上也有很多的公开课让学生能够在国内也能接触到世界上顶尖大学教授的课程。而且也有一些网上培训课程去帮助学生学习。
2. 对于工作的人而言-现在的商人不需要再像过去那样频繁的出差了，可以通过视频会议或者电话会议的方式，这样也使得这种跨国的企业能够更加有效率地运转。除此之外，邮件也被广泛的应用到工作当作，领导去传达和安排任务，以及下属对于工作的总结都能够及时的发送。而且，现在很多公司的销售和客服团队也会通过微信的方式与客户保持良好的沟通。
3. 对于所有的人而言- 现在获取信息的方式越来越依赖因特网，相比较书本比较难以携带，移动电子设备能够很好的满足人们的需求，而且电子设备能够储存大量的视频，音频或者文本文件。
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