一、重要语法:宾语从句
1、宾语从句
本课侧重的是由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的用法,主要的疑问词有if/whether/how/why/what/when/where等。如:
I don't know when I'll finish.
My wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.
I don't know what you're talking about.
二、课文主要语言点
Is that you, John? Yes, speaking. 注意打电话时的习惯用语。如果电话接通后,要找某人接电话,一般可以说:May I speak to sb.? 也可以像课文里这样直接询问对方是否就是你要找的人:Is that you, sb.? 如果接电话的人正是对方要找的人,则可回答:This is sb. speaking.或者简单回答:Speaking。原文中的speaking就是简短回答,其完整形式为:This is John speaking.
Tell Mary we'll be late for dinner this evening. 1)tell sb. sth.,tell为双宾动词,可以改为:tell sth. to sb.。但是,当直接引语为句子时,只能用tell sb. sth.(从句)的结构 2)be late for,迟到。
I'm afraid I don't understand. I'm afraid后接宾语从句,省略了连接词that。这是形容词后接宾语从句的用法,that一般都会省略。如:I'm sure he will come here on time tomorrow. 需要注意的是,当I'm afraid要翻译成中文时,不要译为“我恐怕”,而要译为“恐怕”,这样比较符合中文的表达习惯。
Hasn't Mary told you? She invited Charlotte
and me to dinner this evening.
1)Hasn't...?,反问句,一般不需要回答。 2)invite sb. to sth.,邀请某人到某场合(如吃饭或聚会)。需要注意的是,如果邀请后面接的是动作,则采用:invite sb. to do sth.。可拓展invite的名词invitation。
I said I would be at your house at six o'clock,
but the boss wants me to do some extra work.
1)I said I would...,可复习一下间接引语的用法。 2)be at,到达,相当于arrive at。 3)do extra work,加班。
I'll have to stay at the office.
I don't know when I'll finish.
1)will have to,必须。 2)when引导的是宾语从句,注意从句的语序要采用陈述句语序。
Oh, and by the way, my wife wants to know
if Mary needs any help.
1)by the way,顺便说一声。 2)if引导的是宾语从句。与其他疑问词不一样的是,当if或whether用来连接宾语从句时,其直接引语原句是一般疑问句,而不是特殊疑问句。比如,课文里的这句话的直接引语应该是:Does Mary need any help? 3)need在此用作实义动词,直接后接名词。可以复习一下need作为情态动词和实义动词的用法及其区别。
I don't know what you're talking about. what引导的是宾语从句,在从句中充当about的宾语。
That is John Smith, isn't it? Yes, I'm John Smith. 注意打电话时,指代对方时多用that is来指代you are。
You are John Smith, the engineer, aren't you?
That's right.
注意the engineer用作John Smith的同位语,而且用逗号隔开,起到强调作用,强调的是身为工程师的那个John Smith。
You work for the Overseas Engineering Company, don't you? No, I don't.
1)work for,在哪儿工作、为谁工作。 2)overseas,海外。注意别漏了s。
I'm John Smith the telephone engineer
and I'm repairing your telephone line.
the telephone engineer用作John Smith的同位语。用逗号隔开,朗读时重读,以起到强调作用。
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