新概念英语1电子书|职场新概念英语（4）

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【篇一】边工作还能边减肥,只要站立办公就行了

Office workers could lose almost half a stone a year simply by standing up at their desks, new research suggests.

The international study of more than 1,000 men and women found that standing instead of sitting for six hours a day burned an extra 54 calories daily - resulting in significant weight loss.

The research, published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, found that standing burned almost twice as many calories in men compared with women, compared with their higher muscle mass.

The study, which examined data from 1,184 people taking part in 46 previous studies, found the average difference in energy expenditure between sitting and standing was 0.15 calories a minute.

It means those who spent six hours of the day standing rather than sitting could expect to lose almost six pounds in a year if they did not change their diet.

Researchers said many office workers could achieve significant weight loss if they spent regular periods standing at their desks, especially if it encouraged them to move about more.

Senior author Dr Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, chairman of preventive cardiology at Mayo Clinic, in Minnesota, said: "Standing for long periods of time for many adults may seem unmanageable, especially those who have desk jobs, but, for the person who sits for 12 hours a day, cutting sitting time to half would give great benefits."

Researchers found the effects were most pronounced among men, which they said was likely to reflect the fact those with greater muscle mass burn calories more quickly.

Prof Lopez-Jimenez said the results might even be an underestimate, and said standing could also boost overall health.

"Standing not only burns more calories, the additional muscle activity is linked to lower rates of heart attacks, strokes, and diabetes, so the benefits of standing could go beyond weight control.

"Our results might be an underestimate because when people stand they tend to make spontaneous movements like shifting weight or swaying from one foot to another, taking small steps forward and back. People may even be more likely to walk to the filing cabinet or trash bin.

"It's important to avoid sitting for hours at a time. Standing is a very good first step to avoid this mindset of sitting interminably without moving.

"Who knows, it may also prompt some people to do a little more and take up some mild physical activity, which would be even more beneficial."

When people are standing, more muscles are tensed and stretched to fight gravity and bear weight.

Researchers stressed that the weight loss from extra time standing would only be achieved if the extra calories burned were not counteracted by an increase in food intake.

【篇二】译文

最新研究显示，员工只要站立办公，每年就能减重近半英石（约合3.2公斤）。

这项针对一千多名男性与女性的国际调查发现，每天站立办公六小时可以多燃烧54卡路里，非常有助于减重。

这项研究报告发表在《欧洲预防心脏病学期刊》上，结果发现，由于肌肉更发达，男性站立办公燃烧的卡路里数量是女性的两倍。

这项研究分析了参与此前46项研究的1184人的数据，结果发现，坐着和站立的平均能量消耗差异是每分钟0.15卡路里。

也就是说，在不改变饮食的情况下，每天不坐着，而是站立办公六小时的员工一年有望减重近6磅（约合2.7公斤）。

研究人员表示，如果每天都花一定的时间站立办公，很多人都能明显减轻体重，特别是当站立办公能够促使人们多走动时。

明尼苏达州梅奥诊所预防心脏病学会长、资深作者弗朗西斯科-洛佩斯-希门尼斯博士说：“对很多成年人来说，每天长时间站立看似很难实现，特别是对那些需要伏案工作的人。但对每天在桌子前坐上12小时的人来说，把坐着的时间减半也很有益处。”

研究人员发现，站立减重的效果在男性身上最明显。研究结果可能还反映出，肌肉更发达的人燃烧卡路里更快。

洛佩斯-希门尼斯教授说，站立办公的成效可能被低估了，他还表示，站立可能会提升人们的整体健康水平。

“站立办公不仅能燃烧更多卡路里，额外的肌肉活动还有助于减少心脏病、中风和糖尿病的患病风险。所以站立办公的好处不仅仅是控制体重。”

“我们的研究结果可能被低估了，因为当人们站立时，他们会自发活动身体，比如移动身体重心、换换脚、或者前后挪动几步。人们还更可能走去文档柜找找文件，或者去垃圾桶丢个垃圾。”

“需要避免一次坐太久，这很重要。站立是避免久坐不动习惯的良好开端。”

“谁知道呢，这可能还会促使一些人多动动，适当活动活动身体，这可能更有好处。”

当人们站立时，更多的肌肉会拉紧并得以伸展，以克服重力，承担体重。

研究人员强调说，长期站立燃烧掉的卡路里没有通过额外饮食摄入补充的情况下才会达到减重的目的。

【篇三】职场高手永远不会自曝的12件事

You can't build a strong professional network if you don't open up to your colleagues; but doing so is tricky, because revealing the wrong things can have a devastating effect on your career.

Sharing the right aspects of yourself in the right ways is an art form. Disclosures that feel like relationship builders in the moment can wind up as obvious no-nos with hindsight.

The trick is to catch yourself before you cross that line, because once you share something, there is no going back.

TalentSmart has tested more than a million people and found that the upper echelons of top performance are filled with people who are high in emotional intelligence (90% of top performers, to be exact). Emotionally intelligent people are adept at reading others, and this shows them what they should and shouldn't reveal about themselves at work.

The following list contains the 12 most common things people reveal that send their careers careening in the wrong direction.

1.That They Hate Their Job

The last thing anyone wants to hear at work is someone complaining about how much they hate their job. Doing so labels you as a negative person, who is not a team player. This brings down the morale of the group.

Bosses are quick to catch on to naysayers who drag down morale, and they know that there are always enthusiastic replacements waiting just around the corner.

2.That They Think Someone Is Incompetent

There will always be incompetent people in any workplace, and chances are that everyone knows who they are. If you don't have the power to help them improve or to fire them, then you have nothing to gain by broadcasting their ineptitude.

Announcing your colleague's incompetence comes across as an insecure attempt to make you look better. Your callousness will inevitably come back to haunt you in the form of your coworkers' negative opinions of you.

3.How Much Money They Make

Your parents may love to hear all about how much you're pulling in each month, but in the workplace, this only breeds negativity. It's impossible to allocate salaries with perfect fairness, and revealing yours gives your coworkers a direct measure of comparison.

As soon as everyone knows how much you make, everything you do at work is considered against your income. It's tempting to swap salary figures with a buddy out of curiosity, but the moment you do, you'll never see each other the same way again.

4.Their Political and Religious Beliefs

People's political and religious beliefs are too closely tied to their identities to be discussed without incident at work. Disagreeing with someone else's views can quickly alter their otherwise strong perception of you. Confronting someone's core values is one of the most insulting things you can do.

Granted, different people treat politics and religion differently, but asserting your values can alienate some people as quickly as it intrigues others. Even bringing up a hot-button world event without asserting a strong opinion can lead to conflict.

People build their lives around their ideals and beliefs, and giving them your two cents is risky. Be willing to listen to others without inputting anything on your end because all it takes is a disapproving look to start a conflict.

Political opinions and religious beliefs are so deeply ingrained in people, that challenging their views is more likely to get you judged than to change their mind.

5.What They Do on Facebook

The last thing your boss wants to see when she logs on to her Facebook account is photos of you taking tequila shots in Tijuana. There are just too many ways you can look inappropriate on Facebook and leave a bad impression. It could be what you're wearing, who you're with, what you're doing, or even your friends' commentary.

These are the little things that can cast a shadow of doubt in your boss's or colleagues' minds just when they are about to hand you a big assignment or recommend you for a promotion.

It's too difficult to try to censure yourself on Facebook for your colleagues. Save yourself the trouble, and don't friend them there. Let LinkedIn be your professional “social” network, and save Facebook for everybody else.

6.What They Do in the Bedroom

Whether your sex life is out of this world or lacking entirely, this information has no place at work. Such comments might get a chuckle from some people, but it makes most uncomfortable, and even offended. Crossing this line will instantly give you a bad reputation.

7.What They Think Someone Else Does in the Bedroom

A good 111% of the people you work with do not want to know that you bet they're tigers in the sack. There's no more surefire way to creep someone out than to let them know that thoughts of their love life have entered your brain.

Anything from speculating on a colleague's sexual orientation to making a relatively indirect comment like, "Oh, to be a newlywed again," plants a permanent seed in the brains of all who hear it that casts you in a negative light.

Your thoughts are your own. Think whatever you feel is right about people; just keep it to yourself.

8.That They're After Somebody Else's Job

Announcing your ambitions at work when they are in direct conflict with other people's interests comes across as selfish and indifferent to those you work with and the company as a whole. Great employees want the whole team to succeed, not just themselves.

Regardless of your actual motives (some of us really do just work for the money), announcing your selfish goal will not help you get there.

9.How Wild They Used To Be in College

Your past can say a lot about you. Just because you did something outlandish or stupid 20 years ago doesn't mean that people will believe you've developed impeccable judgment since then.

Some behavior that might qualify as just another day in the typical fraternity (binge drinking, minor theft, drunk driving, abusing people or farm animals, and so on) shows everyone you work with that, when push comes to shove, you have poor judgment and don't know where to draw the line.

Many presidents have been elected in spite of their past indiscretions, but unless you have a team of handlers and PR types protecting and spinning your image, you should keep your unsavory past to yourself.

10.How Intoxicated They Like to Get

You might think talking about how inebriated you were over the weekend has no effect on how you're viewed at work. After all, if you're a good worker, then you're a good worker, right? Unfortunately not.

Sharing this will not get people to think you're fun. Instead, they will see you as unpredictable, immature, and lacking in good judgment. Too many people have negative views of drugs and alcohol for you to reveal how much you love to indulge in them.

11.An Offensive Joke

If there's one thing we can learn from celebrities, it's to be careful about what you say and whom you say it to.

Offensive jokes make other people feel terrible, and they make you look terrible. They also happen to be much less funny than clever jokes.

12.That They Are Job Hunting

When I was a kid, I told my baseball coach I was quitting in two weeks. For the next two weeks, I found myself riding the bench. It got even worse after those two weeks when I decided to stay, and I became "the kid who doesn't even want to be here." I was crushed, but it was my own fault; I told him my decision before it was certain.

The same thing happens when you tell people that you're job hunting. Once you reveal that you're planning to leave, you suddenly become a waste of everyone's time. There's also the chance that your hunt will be unsuccessful, so it's best to wait until you've found a job before you tell anyone. Otherwise, you will end up riding the bench.

【篇四】译文

如果你不和同事坦诚相待，就不可能有稳固的职业关系网。但是这个分寸其实并不好把握，因为表露不当的话会对你的职业造成严重后果。

该让别人看到自己哪些方面？怎么分享这类才是正确的方式？这堪称一门艺术。有些事情在当时说出来可能觉得有助于增进同事友谊，然而事后来看可能是显而易见的禁忌。

秘诀就是在你“过界”之前管好嘴巴，因为“说出去的话泼出去的水”，一旦说出就再也收不回了。

TalentSmart已经对一百万人进行了测试，结果发现表现优秀的上流人士都是高情商的人（确切地说是90%的表现优秀者情商很高）。高情商者很善于察言观色，因此他们知道在工作时该说什么，不该说什么。

下面这12件事说出去以后，可能会断送你的职业生涯。

1.讨厌自己的工作

人们最不想听到的就是工作时有人在抱怨自己有多讨厌自己的工作。这么做你会被贴上“消极者”的标签，也就是说你不适合团队合作。这会降低整个团队士气。

老板会迅速找出影响团队士气的“唱反调者”，因为老板深知很快就会有热情乐观的候选人顶替前者的工作。

2.认为别人不称职

任何职场都会有能力欠佳的人，其实大家也都心知肚明。如果你不能帮他们提高能力，也没有权力解雇他们，那么你到处宣扬他们的无能和笨拙对自己也没好处。

说同事无能反而会让别人以为你不自信，试图通过贬低别人凸显自己。你的冷漠无情会报应到自己头上，同事们同样会把你说得一无是处。

3.谈论自己的薪水

或许你的父母乐意听你谈论月薪，但是在职场，谈论薪水只会引起周围人的负面情绪。完全公平的分配薪资是绝对不可能的，但自曝薪水会让你同事拿你的薪水和自己的做比较。

一旦别人知道你的薪酬，那么他们就会觉得你不配拿那么多薪水。同事之间出于好奇而相互探问薪水，但获知彼此底细后，你们之间的关系就再也回不到从前了。

4.谈论政治和宗教信仰

人们的政治和宗教信仰与他们的身份联系紧密，所以不可能在工作时讨论这方面话题还相安无事。和某人观点有分歧能迅速改变他人对你的看法。冒犯他人的核心价值观是最不礼貌的行为之一。

的确，对待政治和宗教的态度因人而异。你激起他人兴趣的速度有多快，维护自己的价值观时别人疏远你的速度就有多快。即使你不坚持自己的观点，单单提及世界敏感事件就足以引起冲突了。

人们按照自己的理想和信仰来生活，因此在这类问题上发表自己的看法是冒险之举。只要一个不同意的表情就能引起冲突，所以学会乐于倾听他人而不把自己的想法强加于人吧！

政治观点和宗教信仰在人们心中根深蒂固，挑战他们的信念十之八 九并不会改变他人的观点，反而会让别人对你有不好的印象。

5.在脸书上公布你做过的事

你老板登录脸书时，最不愿意看到的就是你发了一张在提华纳喝龙舌兰酒的照片。在脸书上让自己表现失态并且给他人留下不好印象的方法数不胜数。或许是你的着装，和你在一起的人，你正在做的事，甚至是你朋友的评论。

你老板或同事正要给你委派重要工作或推荐你升职时，这些小细节都能让他们产生疑虑。

为了照顾同事的想法而在脸书上管理好自己绝非易事。想要避免这些麻烦，那就不要加同事为脸书好友。就在“领英”发展你的职业关系吧！把脸书这片天地留给其他朋友。

6.你在卧室的所作所为

不管你是在享受美妙的夫 妻生活，还是完全没有，这种话题都非常不适合在职场上谈论。谈论这方面话题或许会逗乐一部分人，但是大多数人还是会对此感到尴尬，甚至反感。跨过这条“界限”会迅速地给你留下坏名声。

7.你对别人卧室生活的猜想

和你共事的人，111%的人都不想知道你对他们的夫 妻生活有看法。吓跑别人的方法，莫过于你让他们知道你在猜想他们的夫 妻生活。

从猜想同事的性取向到“又要当新郎（新娘）啦”这类相对委婉的调侃，都会在听到这些话的所有人心中播下一颗永远以负面眼光看待你的种子。

你的想法是你自己的。不管你对别人有什么看法，自己知道就得了。

8.你想得到别人的工作

在工作中表明自己的野心，尤其当你的野心和其他人的利益形成直接冲突时，会让你的同事和公司认为你很自私，对他人漠不关心。优秀的员工希望整个团队取得成功，而不只是他们自己。

不管你的实际动机是什么（其中一些人确实只是为了钱），宣布你自私的目标将无助于实现它。

9.你上大学的时候有多么放纵

你的过去可以反映出你的很多方面。哪怕说你那些荒唐和愚蠢的行为是20年前的事情了，可这不意味着大家会相信你经过这么长时间就一定具备了完美的判断能力。

有些行为，听上去不过是当初在大学 联谊会里的正常事情（狂饮、小偷小摸、酒后驾车、虐 待人或者家畜等等），但这会让与你共事的人认为，你这个人在紧要关头缺乏判断力，并且不懂适可而止。

很多总统并未因其过去的不慎言行而落选，但除非你拥有一整个团队的经理和公关顾问来保护和美化你的形象，你应该让自己不光彩的陈年旧事烂在肚子里。

10.你喝醉成什么样

你或许认为，谈谈自己周末醉酒的情况并不会对同事如何评价你产生影响。毕竟这改变不了你是一名优秀员工的事实，对不对？可惜非也。

讨论这个并不会让同事认为你这个人有趣。相反，他们会认为你难以捉摸、不成熟并缺乏良好的判断力。太多人对毒品和酒精都没什么好看法，所以你还是不要暴露自己多么喜欢沉醉其中了。

11.无礼的笑话

如果我们可以从名人身上学到一件事，那么它一定是留心自己说出的话和交谈对象。

无礼的笑话会让其他人感到尴尬，而这类调侃会让你这人看起来糟糕透顶。而且用这类低级笑话来活跃气氛的效果也远远比不上那种有分寸的幽默。

12.你在找工作

当年我还是个小孩子的时候，我对棒球队的教练说自己打算在两周内退队。结果在接下来的两周里我发现自己只能坐冷板凳。两周之后，当我改主意决定留下来的时候，情况变得更加糟糕，我变成了“那个甚至不想再来这里的孩子”。我痛苦万分，但这是我自己的错；是因为在我没有拿定主意之前，就把自己的决定告诉了教练。

当你告诉别人你在找工作的时候，同样的事情就会发生。一旦你表明，你正计划离职的时候，你突然间就变成了在浪费大家的时间。你在求职中有可能会遭遇失败，所以是你已经拿到工作邀请函之后再去告诉别人。否则，你最后又得坐冷板凳。

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