【#能力训练# 导语】在我们的学习中一定要学会造句,那到底该怎么运用英语去造句呢?无愧为就来告诉孩子们一些方法,希望对您有帮助,欢迎阅读!
1)主语
是句子的主体,动作的执行者,它可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式,甚至句子也可以担当主语。例如:
The apple is red. (the apple:名词作主语)
He likes apples. (he:代词作主语)
Reading in bed is a bad habit. (reading:动名词作主语)
To say is easier than to do. (to say:动词不定式作主语)
What he did makes the teacher very angry. (what he did:句子作主语)
2)谓语
通常由单动词或动词短语构成,说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征。例如:
My mother enjoys shopping. (enjoy:单动词作谓语)
The boys often play football on the playground. (play football:动词短语作谓语)
3)宾语
动作所涉及的人或物,也就是动作的对象或内容。例如:
He bought a book yesterday. (a book:内容)
His dad shouted at him. (him:对象)
在某些句子中,既有对象也有内容,这种句子叫做双宾语结构,包括直接宾语和间接宾语。物体是直接宾语,人是间接宾语。例如:
I gave him a book. (直接宾语:a book;间接宾语:him)
My aunt bought me a bike as my birthday p resent. (直接宾语:a bike;间接宾语:me)
4)补语
顾名思义,补,就是补充说明宾语的状态或内容的成分,通常可以和宾语构成主谓或主系表关系。
We believe him honest. (He is honest)
The students considered Mr. Wang the best teacher. (Mr. Wang is the best teacher)
能够担当补语的有名词(短语)、形容词(短语)、介词短语等。
5)定语
限定名词范围的成分,简单来说就是把大的范围缩小的成分,称之为定语。
A girl,a beautiful girl,a beautiful girl with long hair
最简单也最常见的定语是形容词,此外,还有名词、代词、动名词、分词、介词、句子等。
He is a hardworking boy. (hardworking:形容词)
There is an apple tree in front of my house. (apple:名词)
The man on the bike looks like my uncle. (on the bike:介词)
He must use sleeping pills to help himself fall asleep. (sleeping:动名词)
句子作定语的情况,称之为定语从句,是用完整的句子来限制一个名词。通常定语从句前有引导词,常用的有who指人、which指物、that既指人又指物。例如:
He lives in a house which is made of wood.
The girl that we are talking about is my classmate.
6)状语
说明动词、副词、形容词、事件状态或程度的成分。例如:
She dances beautifully.(beautifully)
His handwriting is very beautiful.(very)
7)表语
表示主语的身份、状态、特征、和特性。一般由名词、形容词、介词等充当。谈到表语时,通常会提到系动词。系动词可分为以下几种:
Be-动词:am, is, are, was, were
变化系动词:get, become, turn, go
感官系动词:look, seem, sound, smell, taste, feel, keep, stay
通常把这些词后面的名词,形容词等具有名词性质的成分称之为表语。例如:
The flowers smell nice. (nice)
This sofa feels soft. (soft)
Leaves turn yellow in autumn. (yellow)
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