2017年职称英语模拟题-2017年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(35)

Trends for 21st Century21世纪的趋势

　　1.What problems will our world encounter in the next 1,000 years? Social scientists and economists, farming experts and environmentalists pose this question and examine data and information from surveys.

　　1、在今后的1000年里,我们的世界会面临哪些问题呢?社会科学家、经济学家、农业专家和环境保护主义者提出了这个问题，并对调查所得的数据和信息进行了研究。

　　2.In every field, experts examine changes to understand the state of the field. To understand a country’s economy, economists check growth in an industry such as steel. To understand the state of business, they may look at the number of building permits for new houses. The information learned shows increases or decreases. Important trends emerge in each field.

　　2、各个领域的专家都通过对变化的研究来了解该领域的状况。为了了解一个国家的经济状况，经济学家对某个行业——如钢铁业——的增长情况进行调查。为了了解行业的状况，他们可能会调查新房建造许可证的发放数量。得到的资料能显示出增长或减少的情况，各个领域的重要趋势就能体现出来。

　　3.Population

　　3、人口

　　4.Population is important to every person on Earth. People tend to live longer in most places. In Central Europe, however, life span is dropping because health care is not what it was a few years ago. Factors affecting general health include excessive smoking，drinking of alcohol and polluted water supplies.

　　4、人口多少对地球上的每个人都很重要。在大多数地区人们的寿命越来越长。但在中欧，由于卫生保健不如前几年，人的寿命正在缩短。影响大众健康的因素包括吸烟过度、酗酒以及饮水污染。

　　5.The population explosion on our planet has been increasing at an alarming rate but the percentage of increase is decreasing. One out of every five people on Earth is Chinese, yet China’s growth rate has slowed. As the number of women going to school increases, the growth rate declines.

　　5、我们星球上的人口爆炸正在以惊人的速度加剧着，不过增长的百分比在减小。地球上每五个人中就有一个是中国人，但中国的人口增长速度己经减慢了。随着受教育的妇女越来越多，人口增长率正在下降。

　　6.Food Production

　　6、粮食生产

　　7.The production of grain seems to be decreasing mainly because of climate changes. Natural disasters like storms and floods have washed away many crops,

　　7、谷物产量似乎正在减少，这主要是由于气候的变化。暴风雨和洪水这类自然灾害毁掉了许多庄稼。

　　8.With less land for cattle and sheep, less meat like beef and lamb is being produced. Production of chicken, turkey and fish has increased, however. The amount of ocean fish has not increased, but fish farm production has.

　　8、由于可供饲养牛羊的土地减少了，牛肉、羊肉越来越少。不过鸡肉、火鸡肉和鱼的产量提高了。但海鱼的产量没有提高，只是人工养鱼场的产量提高了。

　　9.Fish farming is very efficient: producing a kilogram of fish utilizes less than 2 kilograms of feed. In contrast it takes 2.2 kilograms of feed to produce 1 kilogram of chicken. One kilogram of beef requires 7 kilograms of grain. People, therefore, may eat less red meat in the future and more fish.

　　9、养鱼场的生产效率相当高：生产1公斤鱼只需要不到2公斤的饲料，而生产1公斤鸡肉需要2.2公斤的饲料，生产1公斤牛肉需要7公斤谷物。因此，人们将来可能会少吃牛肉羊肉，多吃鱼类。

　　10.Energy

　　10、能源

　　11.Using fossil fuels for energy has not changed very much but wind energy use is increasing significantly. Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands，Britain, and America have large wind power projects. China, India, Mexico, New Zealand, andUkraine are also developing wind power.

　　11、以化石燃料为能源的情况没有发生多大变化，但是对风力的利用正越来越受到重视。丹麦、德国、荷兰、英国和美国都有大型风力发电项目。中国、印度、墨西哥、新西兰和乌克兰也正在开发风力发电。

　　12.Energy from nuclear power plants is steadily increasing but the problem of dangerous waste limits growth in many regions. Because many electrical companies consider nuclear energy too expensive，the trend is toward less dangerous sources of energy.

　　12、核电厂提供的能源在稳步上升，但因为核电厂的有害废料问题，在许多地区其发展受到限制。由于许多电力公司都认为核能代价太大，因此总体趋势是发展危险性小的能源。

　　13.While natural gas use is increasing，use of coal as fuel is decreasing. Natural gas, an outstanding energy source，can be used to heat homes, make electricity, and power cars.

　　13、随着天然气使用量的增长，煤炭作为燃料的使用量正在减少。天然气这种优质的能源可以用于家庭取暖、发电和驱动汽车。

　　14.Economics

　　14、经济

　　15.As countries around the world trade more with one another, more products are available. But the fast development of the world economy will bring about many new problems. With fewer trees, the paper industry is producing more paper from recycled materials. However, the paper-making process unfortunately damages the planet as it uses large amounts of water, burns fossil fuels and produces large amounts of chemical waste.

　　15、随着世界各国之间贸易量的增加，可买到的产品越来越多。但世界经济的快速发展会带来许多新问题。由于树木减少，造纸厂更多地依靠再生材料造纸，但不幸的是，这也对我们的星球造成损害，因为造纸工艺要用大量的水，燃烧大量的化石燃料，而且还会产生大量的化学废料。

　　16.Automobile production is down, while bicycle production is up. Crowded highways，high gasoline costs, and ease of bicycling are three reasons for this change.

　　16、汽车产量在下降，而自行车产量在上升。导致这一变化的三个原因是：高速公路拥挤不堪，汽油价格昂贵，而骑自行车出行轻便自如。

　　17.Health

　　17、健康

　　18.Three major health trends exist as we begin the new century. Health care is better than ever. Medical research breakthroughs include finding tumors early and saving lives through CAT scans and surgery. Surviving cancer is a new trend. HIV/AIDS, however，is spreading quickly all over the world.

　　18、在我们迈入新世纪之际，健康方面呈现出了三大趋势。卫生保健工作不断改善，医学研究领域有新的突破，包括利用CAT扫描(即计算机化X射线轴向分层造影扫描)和外科手术来及早发现肿瘤并挽救生命。癌症病人的 生存率得到提高也是一个新趋势。然而，艾滋病却正在全世界迅速蔓延。

　　19.The third major trend is toward an attitude of indifference. People seem to have forgotten ways to keep diseases under control. Although medical science had achieved control over several dangerous diseases, some are returning. For instance, tuberculosis, once a dangerous killer, was cured. Now the disease is appearing again.

　　19、第三个趋势是人们的态度变得越来越无动于衷。人们似乎已经忘记了如何控制疾病。虽然医学早已能够控制若干危险的疾病，有些病却正在卷土重来。例如，曾经是危险杀手的肺结核原本已被消灭，而现在这种疾病又死灰复燃了。

　　20.Nature

　　20、自然

　　21.Pollution continues to affect our forests and water. The bird population is decreasing because of oil spills and spreading cities. Seas and oceans are changing. Trees are cut down, more soil washes away, and water quality is affected. Many of these trees are in our rain forests where thick areas of plants and trees, home for many birds and animals，are disappearing.

　　21、污染不断破坏着我们的森林和水源。由于海上石油泄漏和城市不断扩大，鸟类的数量正在减少。海洋在改变，树木遭砍伐，越来越多的泥土被冲走，水质受到了影响。许多热带雨林中的树木遭到砍伐，那里茂密的植物和树木原本是许多鸟类和动物的家园，现在却正在消失。

　　22.Conclusion

　　22、结论

　　23.Our challenges for this new century are clear. The problems of numerous inhabitants on this small planet will continue to be important to each of us. These challenges show that all of us need to be involved in solving the problems. May we find new ways to accomplish the task.

　　23、在新世纪中，我们所面临的挑战是显而易见的。在这个小小星球上的很多人面对的问题仍将是关系到我们每个人的重大问题。这些挑战表明，我们每一个人都必须参与解决这些问题。但愿我们能找到新的途径去完成这一使命。

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