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Umbrella To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off When it rains. But actually the umbrella wasn't invented as protection against rain. Its first use was a shade against the sun!
在我们看来,下雨打伞是很自然的事。 但事实上伞在发明的时候并不是用来防雨的,而是用来遮阳的 。
Nobody knows who first invented it, hut the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century BC.
没有人知道是谁发明了伞,但是伞在很早很早的古代就开始使用了 。可能首先使用伞的人是中国人,这要追溯到公元前11世纪。
We know the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high office.
我们知道,在古埃及和古巴比伦伞是用来遮阳的 。关于这一用途有一点很奇怪:伞成了尊严与权力的象征 。在古代的远东地区,只有皇室和高 官才能使用伞 。
In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against Romans.
在欧洲,希腊人是首先把伞用于遮阳的人。 伞的使用在古希腊很普遍.但是据信在欧洲首先使用伞的人是为了防范罗马人 。
During the middle ages, the use of umbrella practically disappeared Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France, and later in England.
中世纪的时候伞几乎消失, 16世纪后期又在意大利出现,并再一 次成为权力和威严的象征。 到1680年,伞开始在法国出现,之后又出现在英国 。
By the eighteen century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn't until the twentieth century that women's umbrellas began to he made, in a whole.
到18世纪,伞在整个欧洲几乎都用来遮雨了 。 在这期间,伞的样式一直没有发生太大变化,只是重量上轻了许多 。 直到20世纪才出现了各种颜色的女士用伞。
There was a farmer in Africa who was happy and content. He was happy because he was content. He was content because he was happy.
从前在非洲有一位快乐而满足的农夫。他因满足而快乐,同时也因快乐而感到满足。
One day a wise man came to him and told him about the glory of diamonds and the power that goes along them.
有一天,一位智者向他走来并告知他关于钻石的荣耀,以及随之而来权力。
The wise man says, “If you had a diamond the size of your thumb, you could have your own city. If you had a diamond the size of your fist you could probably own your own country.” And then he went away.
智者说,“如果你拥有一块拇指般大的钻石,你就能换到一座属于自己的城市;如果你拥有一块拳头般大的钻石,你就可能会拥有一个属于自己的国家。”说完他便离开了。
That night the farmer couldn't sleep. He was unhappy and he was discontent. He was unhappy because he was discontent, and he was discontent because he was unhappy.
那一晚,农夫难以入睡,他开始变得不快乐而且不满足起来。他因不满足而不快乐,同样也因为不快乐而变得不满足。
The next morning he made arrangements to sell off his farm, took care of his family and went in search of diamonds. He looked all over Africa and couldn't find any. He looked all through Europe and couldn’t find any. When he got to Spain, he was emotionally, physically and financially broke. He got so disheartened that he threw himself into the Barcelona River and committed suicide.
第二天早上,他卖掉了自己的农场,安顿好了他的家人便踏上了寻找钻石之路。他寻遍了整个非洲但却一无所获。他找遍整个欧洲还是一无所获。当他到达西班牙的时候,他已精神崩溃、周身疲惫、钱财耗尽。绝望之下,他跳进了巴塞罗那河,自 杀了。
Back home, the person who had bought his farm was watering the camels at a stream that ran through the farm. Across the stream, the rays of the morning sun hit a stone and made it sparkle like a rainbow.
而在他的家乡,买下他农场的那个人此时正在小溪边给骆驼饮水。潺潺的溪水流经了整个农场。清晨的阳光穿过溪水照射在一块石头上,折射的光芒好像是一道彩虹。
He thought it would look good on the mantelpiece. He picked up the stone and put it in the living room. That afternoon the wise man came and saw the stone sparkling. He asked, "Is Hafiz back?"
这人心想:若是将这块石头摆在壁炉架上一定会十分漂亮。于是,他捡起石头并把它放到客厅里。当天下午,那个智者又出现了。他看到闪闪发光的石头,便问道:“哈夫兹(旧主人)回来了吗?”
The new owner said, "No, why do you ask?" The wise man said, "Because that is a diamond. I recognize one when I see one." The man said, "No, that's just a stone I picked up from the stream. Come, I'll show you. There are many more.' They went and picked some samples and sent them for analysis. Sure enough, the stones were diamonds. They found that the farm was indeed covered with acres and acres of diamonds.
新主人回答说:“没有啊!你为什么会这么问?”智者回答道:“因为这石头是一块钻石,我一眼就能识别。”新主人说:“不是!这只是我从溪水中捡起的一块石头。不信,你就跟我来,那里还有好多呢!” 于是两人走到小溪边,捡了一些石头送去验证。毫无疑问,这些石头确实是钻石!他们还发现这整个农场蕴藏着大量的钻石。
书籍具有不朽的本质。它是迄今为止人类不懈奋斗的珍宝。庙宇会倒塌,塑像会颓废,但是书籍却能长存人间。时间并不重要,那些伟大的思想,都永远鲜活,当他们初次闪现在作者脑海,很久以前的事了。当时的话语和思想如今依然对我们说话,透过书页。时间的作用在于它筛除了糟粕,因为除了真正好的东西,文学中没有什么东西能长久存在。
学习之于心灵,就像食物之于身体一样。摄取了适量的营养食物,我们的身体得以生长而肌肉得以发达。 同样地,我们应该日复一日不断地学习以保持我们心智的敏锐,并扩充我们的智力容量。不断的学习提供我们用之不尽的燃料,来驱使我们磨砺我们的推理、分析和判断的能力。持续的学习是在信息时代中跟时代井驾齐驱的最稳当的方法,也是在变动的时代中成功的可靠保证。
一本好书就像是一个最 好的朋友。它始终不渝,过去如此,现在仍然如此,永远不会改变。它是最有耐心、最令人愉快的伴侣。它不背弃我们临到我们身处逆境,还是痛苦。它友善款待我们,始终如一很有趣,也教导我们,在青年时死亡、与慰解我们的年龄。
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