2016年四级考试作文-2016四级考试阅读学习笔记(17)

Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will "obey" spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.
　　注：1.第一句结论句，主题句，段落首句是重要句
　　2.obey 服从
　　63. The author's purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children _________.
　　A) usually obey without asking questions
　　B) are passive in the process of learning to speak
　　C) are born cooperative
　　D) learn to speak by listening
　　注：段落主题题，第二段首句。A选项 obey 出现，而文章中此词带引号，此项为干扰选项
　　Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby' s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出的全部声音). This self-imitation leads on to deliberate (有意识的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
　　注：1.首句为主题句。
　　2.as to = about 引导的部分作为定语，修饰 problem
　　62. The third paragraph is mainly about ________
　　A) the development of babies' early forms of language
　　B) the difficulties of babies in learning to speak
　　C) babies' strong desire to communicate
　　D) babies' intention to communicate
　　注：段落主题题，第三段第一句
　　64. From the passage we learn that _________.
　　A) early starters can learn to speak within only six months
　　B) children show a strong desire to communicate by making noises
　　C) imitation plays an important role in learning to speak
　　D) children have various difficulties in learning to speak
　　注：文章末段，A选项是大众观点，B选项与第三段中But since these cannot ... 的意思矛盾所以不选

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