新概念英语第三册语法分布|新概念英语第三册语法精华之形容词

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定义：形容词是用来修饰名词的词，描述名词的性质、外观、特点等。

　　功能：形容词可以做定语、表语或补助语。

　　分类：主要分为两类：描绘性形容词和限定性形容词。

　　● 描绘性形容词主要用来描绘大、小、新旧、颜色、质量等。

　　● 限定性形容词主要用来限定所修饰词的数量、距离及范围所属等。

　　1.当形容词修饰单数可数名词时，必须与冠词连用：

　　a lovely girl, the naughty boy

　　2.形容词可与系动词连用，做表语，说明主语的性状。常用系动词有：be，become，seem，appear，feel，look，taste，smell，sound，remain，go，turn，keep，stay, etc.

　　The dish tastes delicious.

　　The music sounds sweet.

　　The milk went bad.

　　小心陷阱 feel，smell，taste，look，keep有时可以用作实义动词，并可以用副词修饰。

　　He looked me up and down carefully.

　　I tasted the soup slowly to see whether it was salty.

　　3.形容词用作后置定语。(简单理解：一般的形容词修饰名词时放在名词前面，但有些形容词修饰名词时放在名词的后面)

　　a river navigable(一条可通航的河)

　　sight visible可见的景象

　　person responsible(负责人)注意：responsible person(有责任心的人)

　　the best way possible(尽可能好的办法)

　　the number necessary(必要的数量)

　　the people present(在场的人)

　　4.只能作表语的形容词

　　1.某些表示健康状况的形容词。

　　well(身体好的)，ill(病的)，faint(虚弱的)，poorly(身体不好的)

　　示例：His mother has been ill for a long time.

　　特别注意：sick是个特例。它既可做表语，又可做定语。

　　He is sick for a couple of days.(他病两三天了)

　　He is a sick person.(他是个病人。)

　　2.某些以 a-开头的形容词。

　　如：afraid(害怕的)，alone(独自的)，alive(活着的)，asleep(睡着的)，awake(醒 着的)，aware(意识到的)

　　The old man is alone in the house.(老人一个人在家。)

　　The teacher is alive with enthusiasm.(这位老师热情洋溢。)

　　He is asleep in his mother's arms.(他在母亲的怀抱中睡着了。)

　　I have been aware of the difficulty.(我已经意识到了困难。)

　　5.当一系列形容词修饰名词时，须注意排列顺序：代明形容词 + 数量形容词 + 性状 形容词 + 名词。(下图看起来费劲，看透了绝对实用)

　　代明形容词数量形容词性状形容词名词

　　1234567891011

　　用于冠

　　词前的

　　形容词冠词序数基数性质

　　状态大小

　　长短

　　形状新旧

　　温度颜色国籍材料名词

　　指示代词

　　物主代词动名词

　　不定代词

　　AllthefirstonegoodbigoldblueEnglishwoodbox

　　BothA(n)secondtwobadsmallnewyellowIndianstone

　　thiscage

　　Suchthat.........roundcold......Iron

　　your...

　　Some

　　Eg. a broken small old gray stone bridge.

　　such a good yellow pen.

　　测试精编

　　I.选择正确选项：

　　1. The Chinese food served in American restaurant is not bad but I prefer ________.

　　A. Chinese food authentically B. Chinese authentic food

　　C. food Chinese authentically D. authentic Chinese food

　　2. ________ lessons were not difficult.

　　A. Our first few short English

　　B. Our few first short English

　　C. Our few first English short

　　D. Few our first English short

　　3. — Do you think that the Labor bill will be passed? — Oh, yes, it's ________ that it will.

　　A. almost surely B. very likely

　　C. near positive D. quite certainly

　　4. — Have you traveled much? — No, I have done ________ traveling.

　　A. few B. little C. small D. less

　　5. — I was very busy. — Did you really work hard ________?

　　A. all day B. all the day

　　C. all the day long D. all of day long

　　6. — Do you need anything from the store? — ________ and some cheddar cheese.

　　A. Only a French bread loaf

　　B. A French bread loaf only

　　C. Only a loaf of French bread

　　D. A loaf of French bread only

　　7. According to the information, the newly-constructed highway is said to be ________.

　　A. lengthy twenty miles B. length about twenty miles

　　C. about twenty miles long D. in twenty miles of length

　　8. Mr. Smith has done ________ business here.

　　A. a lot of B. a number of

　　C. much D. lots

　　9. — Are you helping to organize the political convention? — I'm in charge of welcoming the ________.

　　A. out-of-town visitors B. visitors from outside of town

　　C. visitors out-of-town D. outside town visitors

　　10. — Does Jane have brown hair? — Yes, In fact, it's quitesimilar in shape ________ yours.

　　A. as B. with C. like D. to

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