阅读技巧：新英语六级阅读基本功长难句过关汇总
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·阅读技巧：新英语六级阅读基本功-长难句过关1 第一章 并列平行结构 英语句子最常用的方法是通过使用一些关联词，如and、or等，或标点符号如：分号，逗号，破折号等，若干个在语义上有联系或相互照应的单词、词组或子句连在一起组成一种并列或平行结构的长句，以表达一个复杂得多层次含义。这种句式虽然难度不一定很高，但在复杂长句中还是占了相当大的比例的. 从今天开始我们就由浅入深，来对这一类型的句子进行练习和攻克。希望大家通过练习能掌握分析这类句式的一般规律和方法。 Exercise The suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of the many doctors who are scrupulously honest with their patients; it contributes to the spiral of lawsuits and of “defensive medicine”, and thus it injures, in turn , the entire medical profession. Rugby is generally a much tougher game than football and for a long time has had upper class associations, as until recently it was generally only played in public schools, not in state schools. Western manners do not require one to say anything that is untrue,but it is best to avoid being too frank about things which would make people feel uneasy—unless by doing so you feel some good might come of it. 要点分析和参考译文 要点：本句是有分号及连词and引导的并列复合句。分句一种包含有关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰doctors。分句二中代词it指”the suspicion of deceit”，动词短语contributes to意为“to help in causing a situation”，分句三中，代词it指前文所述情况，介词短语in turn意为“afterwards” 参考译文：由于病人怀疑存在欺骗行为，使许多对病人十分诚实的医生的工作也因此受到影响，并使医疗诉讼案和“防御性诊治”增多，而这些反过来又对整个医疗事业造成损害。 要点：全句为主从复合句，”as”引出原因状语从句，修饰” and for a long time (rugby) has had upper class associations”。主句部分Rugby is generally……class associations，是带有并列谓语”is……”和”has had……”的句子。 参考译文：橄榄球赛一般比足球赛更加激烈，并且长时间以来一直是高年级学生参与的比赛，也因此直到最近比赛一般仍然仅仅在公立学校而不在州立学校举行。 要点：全句为并列复合句。连词”but”连接两个并列句。在第二个分句中” it is best to avoid being too frank……” 中的”it”是形式主语，实际主语是不定式” to avoid being too frank……”。动词”avoid”后面应接动名词作宾语。” which would make people feel uneasy”作”thing”的定语。在破折号后面” unless by doing so you feel some good might come of it”作让步状语从句。”good”是名词，作”feel”的宾语从句”some good might come of it”中的主语。”it”指”by doing so”所包含的前面提到的为避免重复而未具体说出的内容。 参考译文：西方的行为方式并不要求人们去讲假话，但是最好要避免过于直率地谈论那些使人尴尬的事情——除非你认为这么做可能会有益处。 ·阅读技巧：新英语六级阅读基本功-长难句过关2 第二章 插入结构 除了上一章的并列结构，英语长句中另一个常用结构就是插入结构。插入结构是在一个句子中某两个句子成分之间，如主谓，谓宾，定语和受定语等之间插入一个从句，短语或单词以对原来句子所表达的内容进行补充、添加、限定和说明。有时一个句子会有多个从句，分词短语等存在，再加上插入成分，就会使得句子结构显得很复杂，不易分清各部分得成分，而造成阅读上得障碍。插入成分最明显得标志是用逗号与主句隔开。但有时由于多种句子成分的存在，句子中会使用多个逗号，分号，从而易一眼看出，以至出现理解错误。本章我们就集中辨析这一类结构得句子。 Exercise During the rest of this century , as never before, history will be the study of population. The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. Work, for most American and Chinese women aged 55 and under,involves responsibility for a household, a child or children, and a job outside the home as well. 要点分析和参考译文 要点：要点：as never before为插入语，插入在状语和主语之间，意为“前所未有” 参考译文：本世纪末，对人口的研究将前所未有的成为历史。 要点：“he said”为插入语，放在了主语“The school”和谓语“consisted of”中间。现在分词ranging在句中作定语修饰boys 参考译文：他说，学校只有一个班，共24名男生，年龄从七岁到十三岁不等。 要点：句子的主语和谓语之间有一插入语，放在这里起强调作用，即强调只是对于中国和美国妇女来说，而不是其他国家的妇女。而且对年龄作了限定。 参考译文：对于55岁或以下的大多数美国和中国妇女来说，要做的工作包括料理家务和照料一个或多个孩子，以及一份在家庭以外的工作。 Exercise Ideally then, a school system should be one in which the love of learning, rather than the acquisition of facts , is cultivated. Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen,the nearest person he could contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby , would be on an island 885 miles away. Yet this other life has its interests, its enjoyments, its satisfaction, and , at certain rare intervals, a peaceful glow or a sudden excitement. 要点分析和参考译文 要点：one 后面有一个in which 引导得定语从句，其中rather than the acquisition of facts是插入语，可以看成是主语the love of learning的并列成分 参考译文：因此，理想的教育制度应该是培养学生酷爱学习，而不是获得实际的东西 要点：虚拟条件句“if anything ……885 miles away.”是thinking的宾语从句，作thinking的宾语。在这个虚拟条件句的主句中，主语和谓语之间插入了一个条件状语从句“unless there was a ship nearby”，使得主谓分离。 参考译文：他仍禁不住寻思起来，要是果发生什么意外，如果附近连一条船也没有，他用无线电能联系上得最近得人远在885英里以外得岛上。 要点：句中 interests, enjoyments, satisfaction,glow和excitement共五哥并列成分，皆作宾语。 At certain rare ntervals为插入语，意为“间或，偶尔”。 参考译文：然而这另一种生活也有它的趣味，欢乐和满足，并间或有一种宁静得喜悦或一阵突发得激动。 Exercise Our forefather had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible” But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. They appear to do everything in a rush, with an eye on the clock, as if they had a short time to live. 要点分析和参考译文 要点：分号前后为两个并列句。在第二个分句中，even until very recently 时间状语插入在主语 most of them和谓语had之间。Them指代前一句的forefathers。 参考译文：我们前辈不知道人口会比原材料供应增长得要快；甚至到最近以前大多数人还错误得认为自然资源是无限的，永远不会消耗尽。 要点：并列句and 之后的主语 the people和谓语will have之间插入whether引导的状语从句。 参考译文：可是有一点是肯定的：信息和知识将变得更加重要。拥有信息和知识的人无论是在生产行业还是在服务行业工作，都会有优势并能创造财富。 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/009ee638a3c7aa00b52acfc789eb172dec639988.html