自考基础英语上册重点笔记：第13课 Lesson Thirteen Iron and Steel 重点词汇及短语 mix. with. “把……与……相混合” combine v．结合，联合，化合 a certain amount of -定数量的 on earth究竟，到底 use up用尽 be superior to比……优越 aid programmes 援助计划 the Great Lakes region五大湖区 be characteristic of是……的特征，具有……的特征 重点语段解析 (1) Man’s knowledge of metals has been a very important aid to mastering his environment．人类对金属的了解大大地有助于对环境的控制。 ①man用作单数，且不加冠词时表示“人类，全人类”。例句：Man is mortal．人都是会死的。 ②aid当“援助、帮忙”讲时为不成数名词，当“有助之物”讲时为可数名词。短语“an aid to+宾语”的意思是“对……有所帮忙”，to是介词，后面接动名词。例如：an aid to hearing有助于听。 ③master在句中是“控制，制服”的意思，此外还有“掌握，精通”的意思。例句：She masters three languages．她精通三门语言。当master作名词时，有“掌握了……的人，大师，师傅”之意。 (2) It is superior to iron in strength, hardness, and elasticity.钢在强度、硬度和弹性上胜于铁。 be superior to优于，胜于……，其相反意思的短语是be inferior to比……差。例句：Our products are superior to theirs in many aspects.我们的产品在许多方面优于他们。 (3) Refining is the process of separating these impurities from the pure metal.炼铁就是将纯铁与杂质分开的工艺过程。 separate.…from.…把……和……分开。例句：English is separated from France by the Channel．英国和法国被英吉利海峡分开。 separate.…into.…把……分成。例句：The land was separated into small pieces.那块田被分割成小块田地。 (4) Ore with a high percentage of iron, however, was discovered in the Great Lakes region, and it could easily be shipped from there to Pittsburgh, as well as to Chicago and Clevel and, which are also major steel-making centers．不外，在五大湖区已发现高含量的铁矿，那儿的铁矿石可以容易地运到匹兹堡、芝加哥和克利夫兰。后两个城市也是重要的炼铁中心。 ①ship在句中作动词，是“船运”或“装运”，即不必然非指用船装运。例句：We shall ship the goods by air．我们将空运货物。 ②as well as和，也，除……以外。例句：Great changes have taken place in the countryside as well as in the cities．农村和城市都发生了很大的变化。 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/1e5f395567ce0508763231126edb6f1afe007159.html