现在完成时的句型、用法及例句
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现在完成时 构成 助动词have/has +过去分词 例:肯定句 I have worked. 否定句 I have not (haven't ) worked. 疑问句 Have you worked ? 回答 Yes, I have. / No , I haven't . 二.功能及意义 1.表示一个动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响.但没有具体的过去时间修饰。常 由下歹0副词修饰： ever曾经，never从不， already已经，yet还（未），（yet 只用在否定句和疑问句中），just刚刚，recently, lately近来，so far迄今为 止=until now, up to now, before 以前 例：Have you ever been to the Great Wall?（尔曾经去过长城吗？ I have never heard of such a man£从没有听说过那个人。 We have just had lunch我们刚刚吃过午饭 I have already returned your money® 已经才巴钱还给你了。 I haven't found my book yet.（否）我还没有找到笔记本 Have you done your homework yet?（疑） 你做作业了吗？ Have you heard from him recently ?你最近收到他的来信了吗？ So far, no one has made any mistakes yet.今为止 还没有人彳U夸昔误 I have never traveled by plane before我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过 2表示一个动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。常常与 下列时间状语连用： t for + 一段时间 I have learned Englishfor 8 years t since +过去的一个时间点 I have learned English since 2001 t since + 一段时间 + ago I have learned English since 8 years ago t since +时态为一般过去时的时间状语从句 I have learned English since I was 5 years old t in the past/last + 时间段 We have had two English exams in the past two month诳两个月来我们进行了 2 次 英语考试 Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten yearffi 十年来我的 家乡发生了巨大的变化。 延续性动词与短暂性动词的用法 He has worked. He has not (hasn't )worked . Has he worked ? Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't. 现在完成时中, 与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词须是延续性动词, 非延续性动词不可和一段时间连用。 我离开这所学校已经八年了。 误 ：I have left this school for eight years （为 他借用我的词典已经两天了 误： He has borrowed my dictionary for two days （ X） 非延续动词与一段时间连用时，可做相应转化 因此中例句正确形式分别为 我离开这所学校已经八年了。 正 ：I have been away from this school for eight years（ J 他借用我的词典已经两天了 正： He has kept my dictionary for two days （5 其它非延续性动词与时间段连用时的变形 buythave fall asleep — be asleep begin — be on joint be in 或 be a member of come/arrive — be in marry t be married borrow — keep, leave — be away die t be dead, return — be back get up t be up, catch a cold — have a cold 在否定句中短暂性动词可与段时间连用 I haven't gone to see him for several months 我已经好几个月没有去看他了） I haven't bought anything for two months 四区分 have been to砒点；表示去过某个地方（已经回来），常与ever, never几次, 等连用 have gone to驰点：表示到地方去了（还没回来） have been in+M点：表示到了某个地方（多久了），常与for +段时间连用 比较：He has been to China twice曾经去过，现在不在中国） He has gone to China他到中国去了 .（他可能已在去中国的路上，或已到 中国，总之，现在不在这里） He has been in China for two years他到中国已经两年了） 五 对完成时的提问用 how long.....?不能用 when... ? 六现在完成时常用句型 1 It is the first/second time....that...结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时 It is the first time that I have visited the city 这是我第一次参观这座城市 It is the third time that the boy has been late 这是这个男生第三次迟到了 2 This is the... that..结构，that从句要用现在完成时 This is the best film that I 've （ever） seen 这是我看过的最好的电影 This is the first time that I've heard him sing 这是我第一次听他唱歌 3 It is / It has been + 时间段 + since ... It has been/ It's 5 years since we last met. 自从上一次我们相遇到现在已经是五年了 It's / It has been 3 months since the man died! S人死去 3 个月 了 4 一段时间+完成时结构+ since引导的时间状语从句 Two years has passed since I came here. 七 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 强调的是现在的 情况，所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用， 如yesterday last night, three weeks ago, in 1998等。而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系， 它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用 I have seen the film我看过这部电影（我了解这部电影的内容） I saw the film last week 我上周看了这部电影（只说明 shangxingqi 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/20f05f220422192e453610661ed9ad51f01d54bd.html