一般将来时态知识
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一般将来时态知识： be going to do sth be going to句型的两种不同用法 I’m going to the school.我正要去学校。 I’m going to go to the school.我打算去学校。 第一句是动词go的进行时表将来，(to)之后须加名词。(come, go等趋向动词的现在进行时表将来。) 第二句则为be going to的一般将来时句型，to之后须加动词原形。 一般将来时 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构：①be going to + do；②will+ do. be going to结构总是表示经过预先思考的意图，常常是等于意图＋计划。will＋动词原形只表示意图，这意图通常是未经过预先思考的。 构成方式：疑问词＋be going to的一般疑问句。 一个口诀献给大家：疑问词在句首，系动词be跟着走，主语、going紧相随，其它成分不要丢。如何把陈述句形式转换成特殊疑问句形式呢？一个方法，那就是：一定、二变、三去掉。 一定：即确定划线部分的疑问词； 二变：即把be going to变为一般疑问句形式； 三去掉：去掉划线部分。例如：We are going to have a meeting next Monday. A：确定疑问词为when(什么时候) B：把原句改为一般疑问句are you going to have a meeting next Monday? C：去掉划线部分，即When are you going to have a meeting?你们打算什么时候开会？ 【注意】如果对to后面的动词短语进行提问则要用What...do...?对例句中的have a meeting进行提问应为： What are you going to do next Monday? 下星期一你们打算做什么？ 【特别警示】当划线部分为主语或主语的定语时，特殊疑问句的语序为陈述句语序。 Miss Li is going to teach you 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are, was, were）或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon. → I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。 例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1、问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon. 2、问干什么。What „ do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3、 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will 例如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 但是特别注意：be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别： 1. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. 2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. 3. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思， 如：She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 现在口语书面语言在互相交织的今天，从不严格的语法角度 ，二者互换 也是可以接受的。 4. 在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句一般不用be going to，而常用will（第一人称用shall）。如： The football match will be put off if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，足球赛将被推迟举行。 5. be going to用法口诀：be going to跟“动原”，计划、准备或打算； 表可能，有必然，通过现象来判断。 6. be的形式要注意，它要随着人称变，否定句，很简单，not加在be后边；疑问句，需牢记，be应提到主语前。 【小试牛刀】 请用will完成下面的句子。 1. I _________ (visit) her this Saturday. 2. _________ you _________ (go) to school tomorrow? 3. They _________ (not buy) train tickets. Key: 1. will visit 2. Will go 3. won' t/ will not buy Be going to练习 I.选择适当的词填空。 1. A: What is she_______(do)? B: She_________(cook)dinner in the kitchen now. 2. Listen! Who ___________(sing) ? 3 A: What_____ they ______(do)? B: They____________(run)on the grass now. 4. Are they_______(fly)kites? Yes ,they are. 5. A: _____the girls______(catch)the butterflies? B: No, they aren't. They______ (pick)up leaves. 6. Bob _________(swim)in the pool now. 7. They are_________(make) a snowman. 8. The boys ___________(take) pictures in the garden now. 9. It's 12:00，the students ______________(have) lunch in the canteen now. 10. My father_________(wash) his car outside now. 11. A: ________ your brothers ________(play) computer games now? B: Yes, they are. 12. I like_______(dive) and__________(swim). 13.Look! The kangaroo_________(jump), the panda___________ (sleep),the monkeys __________(eat)bananas. III Choose the right answers.选择答案。 ( ) 1.-What are you going to do this weekend? -I am going ____ my grandmother and grandfather. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting ( ) 2.What ____ you want to be? A. are B. does C. do ( )3. _ _________________________________________________ _ I’m going to the science museum. A. What are you going to do this afternoon? B. What are you doing? ( )4. _ _________________________________________________ _ On foot. A. Do you go to school by everyday? B. How do you go to school every day, Helen? ( )5.. _ _________________________________________________ _ I usually read books. A. What are you doing? B What do you do in the evening? IV Choose the right words.选择填空 when what where how what time which who -______________ are you going？ - I am going to the Great Wall. -_____________ are they going to school? -They go to school by school bus. -_____________ are you going to the museum? –Tomorrow afternoon. -_____________ are we going to buy? –We are going to buy some fruit. 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/2f16e310aaea998fcc220ef9.html