初中英语被动语态 课件同步学案(附答案)
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Grammar被动语态 (一)使用条件：当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态的构成: be + 动词的过去分词 一般现在时—— am／is ／ are +动词的过去分词 一般过去时—— was／were +动词的过去分词 情态动词—— aux.v. (must／can／could／may…+ be +动词的过去分词 现在进行时—— be(am、is、are)+being +动词的过去分词 一般将来时—— will be／be going to be +动词的过去分词 现在完成时—— have／has +been+动词的过去分词 (二)主动语态如何改成被动语态？ 1. 主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。 2. 主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动词。do----be done 3. 注意保持时态和人称的一致。 4. 带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时, 谓语动词后必须加适当的介词: to 或for. 如: give --- be given to 此类动词还有：pass show send… 再如：buy --- be bought for 此类动词还有：make draw cook mend… 5. 一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语, 改成被动语态时, to必须还原。 注: 不及物动词（vi.) 不用被动语态。如: happen、take place 、appear、 disappear… 几种特殊结构 1. My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday． I was given a gift on my birthday． 或A gift was given to me on my birthday. 2. We often hear him play the guitar． He is often heard to play the guitar. 注意：see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。 Exercises 实践出真知 I. Put the following sentences into the passive voice. 变成被动语态结构。 1. Someone wounded his arm. His arm was wounded by someone. 2. You should teach children to speak/tell the truth. Children should be taught to speak/ tell the truth. 3. He told the story in a pleasant and interesting way. The story was told in a pleasant and interesting way by him. 4. I have repaired the recorder several times. The recorder has been repaired several times by me. 5. I saw him push a bike out of the house. He was seen to push a bike out of the house. 6. They are making this type of radios in shanghai. This type of radios are being made in shanghai by them. II. Please choose the best answer.选择最佳答案。 1. English ____ in many countries. A. is spoken B. speaks C. speak D. be spoken 2. A bridge ____ last year. A. has been built B. is being built C. was built D. is built 3. The little girl ____ by the tiger in the zoo. A. frightened B. was frightened C. had frightened D. was frightening 4. These magazines ____ out of the reading-room. A. must not take B. must not be taken C. must not take D. must not been taken 5. The problem ____ at tomorrow’s meeting. A. shall be discussed B. shall discuss C. is discussed D. discusses 6. The car ____ in the garage now. A. is being repaired B. has repaired C. is repairing D. repairs 7. Ways ____ to make waste water clean. A. have been found B. have found C. is found D. found 8. The children ____ when we go out. A. must take care of B. must be taken care of C. take care of D. are going to take care of 9. The meeting ____ until next Friday. A. won’t hold B. is hold C. won’t be held D. held 10. A medal ____ him for his wonderful work. A. gave B. gives C. has been given D. have been given 答案：1.A，2.C，3.B，4.B，5.A，6.A，7.A，8.B，9.C，10.C III. 根据句意用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. The novel has been translated (translate) into many languages since it was published. 2. The film will be shown (show) again sometime next week. 3. The trees must be planted (plant) at right time. 4. I was given (give) five minutes to do the maths exercise just now. 5. Look! My clock is being mended (mend) by my brother over there. 6. She said she would be allowed (allow) to watch a movie the next evening. IV. 请将下列句子改为被动语态。 1. People in many countries speak English. 1.English is spoken (by people) in many countries. 2. He has bought his son many good books. 2.His son has been bought many good books (by him). 或Many good books have been bought (by him) for his son. 3. They took good care of the little animals. 3.The little animals were taken good care of (by them). 4. You mustn’t take books out of the reading room. 4.Books mustn’t be taken out of the reading room by you. 5. They saw the driver hit a boy. 5.The driver was seen to hit a boy (by them). 6. They will build another bridge over the river. 6.Another bridge will be built over the river (by them). 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/59b2eb131b2e453610661ed9ad51f01dc2815797.html