英语常见后缀的意思和用法

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英语常见后缀的意思和用法

一、后缀

1-ster-eer-eror)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamestergangstersongsterengineerprofiteermountaineerauctioneerdriverteacherdirectoractorprofessor

2-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(smallunimportant things)例词:bookletleafletstarlet 3-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3女性(female)例词: usherette

4-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actresspoetesshostesspaintress 5-hood意为:时期(statusetc.)例词:boyhoodchildhoodmanhood

6-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skillstateconditionstatusquality)例词:leadershipfriendshipmembershiplectureshipsportsmanship

7-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupfulhandful mouthfulspoonful 8-tion-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(stateactionetc.)例词:actionoppressionpossessioneducationstarva- tion 2)机构等(institutionetc.)例词: organizationfoundation

9-ment意为:状态,行动等(state actionetc.)例词:movementenslavementpavement 10-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrivalrefusalrevivalrecitalremoval

11-age意为:程度,数量等extent amountetc例词:wastagecoverage acreageshrinkagebreakagehostage

12-ness-ityty意为:状态,品质statequalityetc例词:happiness usefulnessselfishnesskindnessrapidityactivitysanitychangeability

13-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等doctrine ofpractice of例词:idealism impressionismabsenteeismracism 二、动词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn intoto make or become)例词:beautify diversifysimplify 2-ize-en意为:使……变得……to make or become to make into例词:modernizepopularizelegalizehospitalizesymbolizeripenwidenheightenthreaten

3-ate意为:增加,使……give or addmake or become)例词:originate hydrogenatevalidatedifferentiate 三、形容词后缀:

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1-ful意为:充满,有(full ofhav- inggivingetc.)例词:usefulpitiful hopefulhelpfulforgetfulthankful fearful

2-less意为:没有,无(withoutnot giving)例词:speechlesschildlessharmlesshopelessmeaningless

3-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastlymanly brotherlyfriendly 4-like意为:像……的(like)例词: childlikestatesmanliketiger-like

5-y-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meatysandy silkyhairyleafywateryfoolishgirlishblackishthinnish




6-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(likecausing having the quality of)例词:troublesomeburdensomewholesometiresomebothersome

7-ableible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be capable)例词: changeablereadabledrinkablecomfortableexpansibleconvincible

8-ed意为:有……的(havingetc.)例词:woodedpointedmoneyed odd-shaped 9-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature oftypical of)例词:culturalpersonalregionalmusical

10-aryory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging toconnected with)例词:revolutionaryimaginary contradictory

11-ous意为:富含……的;……品质的;……full ofhaving the quality oflike例词:gloriouserroneousmaliciousgracious

12-icical意为:……类的;属于……typical ofbelonging to例词: historichistoricalmethodicmethodicaldramaticheroic

13-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality ofgiven or tending to)例词:attractive talkativerestrictivedefensivepreventiveconstructivesensitive 四、副词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manneretc.) 例词:happily boldlyattentive- lystrangely

2-wards)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onwards),backwards),earthwards),homewards),eastwards

3-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwiseclockwise2)就……而言(as far as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise educationwise

有一个原因的单音节词,结尾只有一个单音辅音,在加以元音后缀是,要双写这个辅音.例词:run + er = runner hit + ing = hitting




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